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INIZIO_TESTO_DA_INDICIZZARE

RESEARCH PROGRAM

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Research Units
Similar research programs:
Scientific and education field classification
International Patent Classification
  • CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • CRYSTAL GROWTH (separation by crystallisation in general B01D9/00)
      • SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH (by using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds B01J3/06); UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL (zone-refining of metals or alloys C22B); PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE (casting of metals, casting of other substances by the same processes or devices B22D; working of plastics B29; modifying the physical structure of metals or alloys C21D, C22F); SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE (for producing semiconductor devices or parts thereof H01L); APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • PHYSICS
    • MEASURING (counting G06M); TESTING
      • MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION (radiation analysis of materials, mass spectrometry G01N; counters per se G06M, H03K; electric discharge tubes for analysing radiation or particles H01J40/00, H01J47/00, H01J49/00)
      • MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE (sensing pressure changes for compensating measurements of other variables or compensating readings of instruments for variations in pressure G01D or other relevant subclasses for the variable measured; weighing G01G; converting a pattern of forces into electrical signals G06K11/00)
Geographical classification
Bibliografia
Lavori pubblicati dal 2002 dai ricercatori di PG, TO; PV e PD sui temi della ricerca proposta

Comodi, P., Montagnoli, M., Zanazzi, P.F., Boffa Ballaran T.: "Isothermal compression of staurolite: a single crystal study". Am Mineral 87, 1164-1171 (2002).
Comodi P., Gatta G.D., Zanazzi P.F, Levy D., Crichton W.: "Thermal equations of state of dioctahedral micas on the join muscovite-paragonite". Phys Chem Miner 29, 538-544 (2002).
Zanazzi P.F., Pavese A.: “Behavior of micas at high-pressure and high-temperature conditions” In: Micas: Crystal Chemistry & Metamorphic Petrology. Eds. Mottana A., Sassi F.P., Thompson J.B. Jr., Guggenheim S. MSA Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 99-116 (2002).
Comodi P., Drabek M., Montagnoli M., Rieder M., Weiss Z., Zanazzi P.F.: “ Pressure-induced phase transition in synthetic trioctahedral Rb-mica”. Phys Chem Miner 30, 198-205 (2003).
Comodi P., Fumagalli P., Montagnoli M., Zanazzi P.F.: “ A single-crystal study on the pressure behavior of phlogopite and petrological implications”. American Mineralogist, 89, 647-653 (2004).
Comodi P., Fumagalli P., Nazzareni, S., Zanazzi P.F.: “ The 10Å Phase: Crystal structure from single-crystal X-ray data”. American Mineralogist, 90,1012-1016 (2005).
Benna P., Bruno E. (2003) Single-crystal in situ high-temperature structural investigation of the I1 - I2/c phase transition in Ca0.2Sr0.8Al2Si2O8 feldspar. American Mineralogist 88, 1532-1541
Benna P., Bruno E. (2006) Long range Al,Si equilibrium configuration in strontium feldspar treated at high temperatures. Mineralogical Magazine 70: 65-71
Nestola F., Boffa Ballaran T., Benna P., Tribaudino M., Bruno E. (2004) High-pressure phase transitions in Ca0.2Sr0.8Al2Si2O8 feldspar. American Mineralogist 89: 1474-1479
Prencipe M. (2002) Ab initio Hartree-Fock study and charge density analysis of beryl (Al4Be6Si12O 36). Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 29, 552-
Prencipe M., Nestola F. (2005) Quantum-mechanical modeling of minerals at high pressures.The role of the Hamiltonian in a case study: the beryl (Al4Be6Si12O36). Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32, 471-479
Prencipe M., Tribaudino M. and Nestola F. (2003) Charge-density analysis of spodumene (LiAlSi2O6), from ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 30, 606-614.
Tribaudino M., Benna P., Nestola F., C. Meneghini, E. Bruno (2005) Thermodynamic behaviour of the high-temperature P1-I1 phase transition along the CaAl2Si2O8 - SrAl2Si2O8 join. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32: 314-321.
Tribaudino M., Nestola F., Camara F., Domeneghetti M.C. (2002) The high temperature P21/c-C2/c phase transition in Fe-free pyroxenes: (Ca0.15Mg1.85Si2O6): structural and thermodynamic behaviour. American Mineralogist, 87, 648-657.
Zema M., Tarantino S.C., Domeneghetti M.C., Tazzoli V. (2003) Ca in orthopyroxene: structural variations and kinetics of the disordering process. European Journal of Mineralogy, 15, 373-380.
Tarantino S.C., Domeneghetti M.C., Carpenter M.A., Shaw C.J.S., Tazzoli V. (2002) Mixing properties of the enstatite-ferrosilite solid solution: I. A macroscopic perspective. European Journal of Mineralogy, 14, 525-536
Tarantino, S.C., Boffa Ballaran T., Carpenter M.A., Domeneghetti M.C., Tazzoli V.(2002) Mixing properties of the enstatite-ferrosilite solid solution: II. A microscopic perspective. European Journal of Mineralogy, 14, 537-547
Domeneghetti M.C., Zema M., Tazzoli V. (2005) Kinetics of Fe2+-Mg order-disorder in P21/c pigeonite. American Mineralogist, 90, 1816-1823.
Camara F., Carpenter M.A., Domeneghetti M.C., Tazzoli V. (2002) Non-convergent ordering and displacive phase transition in pigeonite: in situ HT XRD study. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 29, 331-340.
S.C. Tarantino, M. Zema, M. Pistorino, M.C. Domeneghetti (2003) Phys. Chem. Minerals 30, 590-598.
Carbonin S, Martignago F, Menegazzo G, Dal Negro A (2002) X-ray single-crystal study of spinels: in situ heathing. Phys Chem Min 29:503-514.
Martignago F, Dal Negro A., Carbonin S (2003) How Cr3+ and Fe3+ affect Mg-Al order-disorder transformation at high temperature in natural spinels. Phys Chem Min 30:401-408.
Martignago F., Andreozzi G.B., Dal Negro A (2006) Thermodynamics and kinetics of cation ordering in natural and synthetic Mg(Al,Fe3+)2O4 spinels from in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction. Am Min 91:306-312.
Nestola F, Tribaudino M, Boffa Ballaran T (2004) High-pressure behavior, transformation and crystal structure of the synthetic iron-free pigeonite. Am Min 89:189-196.
Nestola, F., Gatta, G.D., Boffa Ballaran, T. (2006) The effect of Ca substitution on the elastic and structure behavior of orthoenstatite (Mg2Si2O6) up to 10.2 GPa. Am Min DOI: 10.2138/am.2006.1982.
Nestola F, Boffa Ballaran T, Tribaudino M, Ohashi H (2005) Compressional behavior of CaNiSi2O6 clinopyroxene: bulk modulus systematics and cation type in clinopyroxenes. Phys Chem Min 32:222-227.
Princivalle F, Martignago F, Dal Negro A (2006) Kinetics of cation ordering in natural Mg(Al,Cr3+)2O4 spinels. Am Min 91:313-318.
Keywords
HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH TEMPERATURE, EQUATION OF STATE, COMPRESSIBILITY, THERMAL EXPANSION, HYDROUS PHASES, SILICATES, OXIDES, QUANTO-MECHANICAL COMPUTATIONS

Experimental studies on minerals at high pressure and temperature: a contribution to understanding the Earth

Università degli Studi di Perugia
Abstract
Fundamental aspects of mineral behaviour concern the elastic response to specific P and T conditions, the phase transitions, and phase stability. Simultaneous presence of different minerals sets further problems on the definition of binary phase diagrams. To obtain information on these effects, which often are “non-quenchable”, it is necessary to study samples at HP/HT “in situ”. In recent years there has been a significant advance in experimental techniques to study materials at high P and T. Ultra-high pressure may be reached over a small volume when two diamond anvils with a thin metal gasket are pressed together (DAC). High temperatures can be reached with resistance devices or by laser heating. The simultaneous creation of the HP-HT conditions is still quite complicated, and very few studies have been carried out in these conditions. The techniques used to study the mineral behaviour at non-ambient conditions is based on powder or single-crystal diffraction, or spectroscopic methods (IR and Raman). Because of the small volume of the sample, it is necessary the use of high intensity X-ray sources, as synchrotron light, or at home, rotating anodes or very sensitive CCD areal detectors. For particular requirements (light atoms, etc.) HP and HT devices are available on the main neutron lines.
Furthermore, ab initio quantum-mechanical calculations provides an essential tool for the prediction of the structure of minerals, either at the equilibrium conditions, or at >>>

Principal Investigator
Pier Francesco Zanazzi Università degli Studi di PERUGIA
Research Objectives
Experimental studies on geological materials at high pressure and temperature: implications for the Earth system.

The interior of the Earth is a complex thermochemical system and the processes within the interior are intimately linked to all large scale geological processes occurring on the surface, including global tectonic. The purpose of this program is to bring together a group of researchers operating in several laboratories with complementary experiences and scientific apparatus, but with a common interest in unraveling the physico-chemical properties of geological materials under non-ambient conditions. In this way we could contribute in bridging the gap between what we see on the surface with what we know about the interior, including both the upper mantle, lithosphere and crust. Mineralogy and experimental petrology can set crystalchemical constraints to the interpretation of data coming from seismology, isotopic geochemistry, mantle rheology, and together with theoretical and computational studies on the physical properties and thermodynamics of solids and fluids at high pressure and temperature, can accelerate the process of moving the global geology beyond the strict confines of plate kinematics, linking melt migration and mantle convection to surface processes.
Experience has shown that the use of data collected in thermochemical tabulations and data base does not generally leads to computed phase diagrams consistent with phase equilibrium >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
Mineralogical studies at non ambient conditions are today a brilliant research field of Earth Sciences, with large and continuous expansion both at national as well as international level. Owing to the experimental difficulties, up to few decades ago the study of solids at extreme conditions of pressure and temperature was an exoteric topic, involving a very small group of scientists working in few laboratories in the world. The total absence of direct observations on deep interior of our planet limited the understanding of the mechanisms concerning the deep geodynamics.
In recent years there has been a significant advance in experimental techniques to study materials at high P and T. Ultra-high pressure may be reached over a small volume when two diamond anvils with a thin metal gasket are pressed together (DAC). High temperatures can be reached with resistance devices or by laser heating. The simultaneous creation of the HP-HT conditions is still quite complicated, and very few studies have been carried out in these conditions. The techniques used to study the mineral behaviour at non-ambient conditions is based on powder or single-crystal diffraction, or spectroscopic methods (IR and Raman). Because of the small volume of the sample, it is necessary the use of high intensity X-ray sources, as synchrotron light, or at home, rotating anodes or very sensitive CCD areal detectors. For particular requirements (light atoms, etc.) HP and HT devices are available on the >>>