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RESEARCH PROGRAM
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Research Units
Similar research programs:
- 1 - Supramolecular complexes of sorcin in the generation and regulation of Calcium-dependent cellular functions
- 2 - Role of molecular interactions in the acquisition of the functional structure of model proteins
- 3 - Role of metals – Ubiquitin/Proteasome interaction in the pathogenesis of conformational diseases
- 4 - Molecular features of protein conformational diseases. Role of environmental factors on the structural changes of proteins for the design and the synthesis of agents with antiaggregating, antioxidant, antiglycating and chelating activity and for application in diagnostics.
- 5 - Protein interactomes: unravelling cellular networks in different pathophysiological conditions
- 6 - Regulatory proteins in plants. Bio-molecular analysis of the interaction of 14-3-3 proteins and calmodulin with target proteins
- 7 - The Nedd8 and mono-ubiquitin binding network
- 8 - Molecular analysis of erythropoiesis: Post-genomic and functional approach
- 9 - Supramolecular assemblies. The Dps (DNA-binding proteins from starved cells)- DNA and sorcin - calcium channels systems and their biological function
- 10 - Molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological role of HMGA proteins in hormonal and proliferative signal transmission and transduction.
Scientific and education field classification
International Patent Classification
- CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- MICRO-ORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF (biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing micro-organisms, viruses, microbial fungi, enzymes, fermentates or substances produced by or extracted from micro-organisms or animal material A01N63/00; food compositions A21, A23; medicinal preparations A61K; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; fertilisers C05); PROPAGATING, PRESERVING OR MAINTAINING MICRO-ORGANISMS (preservation of living parts of humans or animals A01N1/02); MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA (micro-biological testing media C12Q)
- ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (such compounds as the oxides, sulfides, or oxysulfides of carbon, cyanogen, phosgene, hydrocyanic acid or salts thereof C01; products obtained from layered base-exchange silicates by ion-exchange with organic compounds such as ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium compounds or by intercalation of organic compounds C01B33/44; macromolecular compounds C08; dyes C09; fermentation products C12; fermentation or enzyme-using processes to synthesise a desired chemical compound or composition or to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture C12P; production of organic compounds by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25B3/00, C25B7/00)
- PEPTIDES (peptides in foodstuffs A23; obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs, working-up proteins for foodstuffs A23J; preparations for medicinal purposes A61K; peptides containing beta-lactam rings C07D; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, C07D; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type C07D519/02; macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units in their molecules, i.e. when the preparation does not provide for a specific; but for a random sequence of the amino acid units, homopolyamides and block copolyamides derived from amino acids C08G69/00; macromolecular products derived from proteins C08H1/00; preparation of glue or gelatine C09H; single cell proteins, enzymes C12N; genetic engineering processes for obtaining peptides C12N15/00; compositions for measuring or testing processes involving enzymes C12Q; investigation or analysis of biological material G01N33/00)
- BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
Geographical classification
- Region: Lombardia
Bibliografia
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Keywords
TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION, CHROMATIN REMODELING, HISTONES, PROTEIN COMPLEXES, STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY, LYSINE-SPECIFIC HISTONE DEMETHYLASE 1, C-TERMINAL BINDING PROTEIN, DEVELOPMENT, TUMORIGENESISStructural properties and functional activities in a chromatin remodeling nuclear protein complex
Università degli Studi di MilanoAbstract
The chromatin nucleosome core particle is a compact assembly composed of ds-DNA wrapped around the histone octamer. The N-terminal residues of histones protrude from the nucleosome complex, and are target of intensive post-translational modifications (e.g. methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and sumoylation). The modifications act in combinatorial and sequence-dependent manners to yield specific downstream events; additionally, they are used as a cellular vocabulary for the regulation of key transcription-based processes. Each cell type is characterized by its own pattern of chromatin marks (the so-called “histone code”). Epigenetics (the study of heritable changes in genome function occurring without change in DNA sequence) aim at explaining how chromatin allows patterns of gene expression to be transferred from one cell to its descendants, and how gene expression changes during differentiation of one cell type into another. These series of events deeply impact on our understanding of human disease, cancer, ageing and stem cells, supporting the growing interest towards “epigenetic therapies” and “epigenetic drugs”. Indeed, regulation of the epigenetic processes has a strong potential for therapy, as shown by the efficacy of an increasing number of inhibitors that target different classes of chromatin-modifying enzymes. In particular, inhibitors of DNA methylation, and of histone deacetylases, are in advanced clinical trials for the treatment of selected forms of >>>Principal Investigator
Martino Bolognesi Università degli Studi di MILANOResearch Objectives
Main aim of this proposal is to expand our limited knowledge on the structural bases and on the function of selected protein complexes involved in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. As a result of a successful series of collaborative studies recently carried over by the research units filing this proposal, we address specific questions on the role and properties of two nuclear proteins (CtBP and LSD1) that are involved in histone and chromatin modification. Such studies, on a longer time scale, aim at a deeper understanding of epigenetic processes that are increasingly shown to be related to development, differentiation and tumorigenesis.Specific activities carried over by the three proposing units (UNIMI-1, UNIPV-2,,UNIMI-3) are detailed in the associated B-forms. The proposal stems form a previous scientific collaboration between UNIPV-2 and UNIMI-3, supported by a PRIN-2004 grant, that brought to the discovery of LSD1 activity. The obvious link to the activities at UNIMI-1, targeting the core component of the CtBP complex, brought to the assembly of this proposal. Previous collaborations between UNIMI-1 and UNIPV-2 are fully documented in the literature (e.g. see www.rcsb.org/pdb).
Aim_1. To elucidate the three dimensional structure of Carboxyl-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs). CtBP are multi-functional proteins implicated in gene regulation, Golgi maintenance and synaptic ribbon formation (Schaeper et al., 1995). When localized >>>
Timescale
24 monthsNational and international background
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in genome function that occur without a change in DNA sequence. This includes the study of how chromatin allows patterns of gene expression to be passed from one cell to its descendants, and how gene expression changes during the differentiation of one cell type into another. The chromatin nucleosome core particle is a compact assembly formed by DNA wrapped around the histone octamer. The flexible N-terminal amino acids of histone tails protrude from the nucleosome and are targets for various post-translational modifications such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and sumoylation (Grunstein, 1997; Spotswood and Turner, 2002). These modifications act in combinatorial and sequence-dependent manners to yield specific downstream events, and are therefore used as a cellular vocabulary for the regulation of different transcription-based processes (Jenuwein and Allis, 2001). Each cell type is characterized by its own pattern of such chromatin marks, forming the so-called “histone code”.Epigenetics impacts on our understanding of human disease, cancer, ageing and stem cells; therefore there is a growing interest in the development of so-called “epigenetic therapies” and “epigenetic drugs” (two major reviews on this topic has been published in the first three months of the 2006; Yoo and Jones, 2006; Inche and La Thangue, 2006). A proof-of-concept of the potential of the epigenetic processes in the treatment of >>>



