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RESEARCH PROGRAM
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Research Units
Similar research programs:
- 1 - Studies on the molecular mechanisms of abnormal parathyroid proliferation and function, and identification and clinical use of molecular markers of sporadic and familial parathyroid cancer. New insights on the prevalence of skeletal, neuropsychological and metabolic manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism, their relationship with calcium sensing receptor polymorphisms and course after parathyroidectomy.
- 2 - Genetics, biology and clinics of paragangliomas: mitochondrial succinate-dehydrogenase mutations as a model for studying transmission, growth, variability and treatment of neural crest-derived tumors.
- 3 - Diagnostic and therapeutic implications of the new clinic and molecular knowledges of medullary thyroid carcinoma del .
- 4 - Hereditary spastic paraplegias: a genetic, functional and clinical study
- 5 - Development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
- 6 - Biochemical and genetic studies of autistic disorder
- 7 - Variability and function of mitochondrial mutations in physiological and pathological conditions
- 8 - New insights into the mutational load and into the possibilities of cytogenetic and molecular monitoring of myeloid dysplasia/neoplasia
- 9 - Hypoxia-induced angiogenetic genes: susceptibility factors to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ?
- 10 - Molecular analysis of erythropoiesis: Post-genomic and functional approach
Scientific and education field classification
International Patent Classification
- CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES OR MICRO-ORGANISMS (immunoassay G01N33/53); COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- MICRO-ORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF (biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing micro-organisms, viruses, microbial fungi, enzymes, fermentates or substances produced by or extracted from micro-organisms or animal material A01N63/00; food compositions A21, A23; medicinal preparations A61K; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; fertilisers C05); PROPAGATING, PRESERVING OR MAINTAINING MICRO-ORGANISMS (preservation of living parts of humans or animals A01N1/02); MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA (micro-biological testing media C12Q)
- BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
Geographical classification
- Region: Campania
Bibliografia
1. Gordeeux VR, David W. Stockton DWand Prchal J Congenital polycythemias/erythrocytoses. Haematologica 2005; 90:109-1162.Mary F. McMullin, D. Bareford, P. Campbell, A. R. Green, Claire Harrison,Beverley Hunt, D. Oscier, M. I. Polkey, J. T. Reilly, E. Rosenthal, Kate Ryan, T. C. Pearson and Bridget Wilkins Guidelines for the diagnosis, investigation and management of polycythaemia/erythrocytosis. Br J Haematol. 2005 Jul;130:174-95.
3. Crews, S.T., and Fan, C.M. 1999. Remembrance of things PAS: regulation of development by bHLH-PAS proteins. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 9:580–587.
4. Hogenesch, J.B., et al. 2000. The basic helix-loop-helix-PAS protein MOP9 is a brain-specific heterodimeric partner of circadian and hypoxia factors. J. Neurosci. 20:RC83.
5. Semenza, G.L. 2000. HIF1: mediator of physiological and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia. J. Appl. Physiol. 88:1474–1480.
6. Carrero, P., et al. 2000. Redox-regulated recruitment of the transcriptional coactivators CREB-binding protein and SRC-1 to hypoxiainducible factor 1a. Mol. Cell Biol. 20:402–415.
7. Ema, M., et al. 1999. EMBO J. 18:1905–1914.
8. Arany, Z., et al. 1996. An essential role for p300/CBP in the cellular response to hypoxia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93:12969–12973.
9.Wang, G.L., et al. 1995. Hypoxiainduciblefactor 1 is a basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS heterodimer regulated by cellular O2 tension. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 92:5510–5514.
10. Huang, L.E., et al. 1996. J. Biol. Chem. 271:32253–32259.
11.Kallio, P.J. et al. 1997.Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a: posttranscriptional regulation and conformational change by recruitment of the Arnt transcription factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 94:5667–5672.
12. Yu, A.Y., et al. 1998. Temporal, spatial, and oxygen-regulated expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in the lung. Am. J. Physiol. 275:L818–L826.
13. Kallio PJ, et al. Regulation of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1_ by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. J Biol Chem 274: 6519–6525, 1999.
14. Salceda S and Caro J. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1_ (HIF-1_) protein is rapidly degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system under normoxic conditions. Its stabilization by hypoxia depends on redox-induced changes. J Biol Chem 272: 22642–22647, 1997.
15. Cockman ME et al. Hypoxia inducible factor-_ binding and ubiquitylation by the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein. J Biol Chem 275: 25733–25741, 2000.
16. Maxwell PH et al.The tumour suppressor protein VHL targets hypoxia-inducible factors for oxygen-dependent proteolysis. Nature 399: 271–275, 1999.
17. Kamura T, et al. Activation of HIF1_ ubiquitination by a reconstituted von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 10430–10435, 2000.
18. Sutter CH, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1_ protein expression is controlled by oxygen-regulated ubiquitination that is disrupted by deletions and missense mutations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 4748–4753, 2000.
19. Ohh M et al. Ubiquitination of hypoxia-inducible factor requires direct binding to the _-domain of the von Hippel-Lindau protein. Nat Cell Biol 2: 423–427, 2000.
20. Tanimoto K, et al.. Mechanism of regulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1_ by the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein. EMBO J 19: 4298–4309, 2000.
21. Ivan M et al. HIF_ targeted for VHL-mediated destruction by proline hydroxylation: implications for O2 sensing. Science 292: 464–468, 2001.
22. Jaakkola P et al. Targeting of HIF-_ to the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitylation complex by O2 regulated prolyl hydroxylation. Science 292: 468–472, 2001.
23. Yu F, et al. HIF-1_ binding to VHL is regulated by stimulus-sensitive proline hydroxylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 9630–9635, 2001.
24. Masson N, et al.. Independent function of two destruction domains in hypoxia-inducible factor-_ chains activated by prolyl hydroxylation. EMBO J 20 5197–5206, 2001.
25. Hirsila M, et al. Characterization of the human prolyl 4-hydroxylases that modify the hypoxia-inducible factor. J Biol Chem 278: 30772–30780, 2003.
26. Maynard MA, et al.. Multiple splice variants of the human HIF-3_ locus are targets of the von Hippel-Lindau E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. J Biol Chem 278: 11032–11040, 2003.
27. Bruick RK and McKnight SL. A conserved family of prolyl-4-hydroxylases that modify HIF. Science 294: 1337–1340, 2001.
28. Epstein AC et al. C. elegans EGL-9 and mammalian homologs define a family of dioxygenases that regulate HIF by prolyl hydroxylation. Cell 107: 43–54, 2001.
29. Ivan M et al. Biochemical purification and pharmacological inhibition of a mammalian prolyl hydroxylase acting on hypoxia-inducible factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 13459–13464, 2002.
30. Jiang BH, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 levels vary exponentially over a physiologically relevant range of O2 tension. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 271: C1172–C1180, 1996.
31. Ang SO, Chen H, Hirota K, Gordeuk VR, Jelinek J, Guan Y, Liu E, Sergueeva AI, Miasnikova GY, Mole D, Maxwell PH, Stockton DW, Semenza GL, Prchal JT. Disruption of oxygen homeostasis underlies congenital Chuvash polycythemia. Nat Genet. 2002 ;32:614-21
32. Sergeyeva A, Gordeuk VR, Tokarev YN, Sokol L, Prchal JF, Prchal JT. Congenital polycythemia in Chuvashia. Blood. 1997;89:2148-54.
33.Gordeuk VR, Sergueeva AI, Miasnikova GY, Okhotin D, Voloshin Y, Choyke PL, Butman JA, Jedlickova K, Prchal JT, Polyakova LA. Congenital disorder of oxygen sensing: association of the homozygous Chuvash polycythemia VHL mutation with thrombosis and vascular abnormalities but not tumors. Blood. 2004;103:3924-32.
34. Ang SO, Chen H, Gordeuk VR, Sergueeva AI, Polyakova LA, Miasnikova GY, Kralovics R, Stockton DW, Prchal JT Endemic polycythemia in Russia: mutation in the VHL gene. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2002 Jan-Feb;28(1):57-62.
35. Pastore YD, Jelinek J, Ang S, Guan Y, Liu E, Jedlickova K, Krishnamurti L, Prchal JT. Mutations in the VHL gene in sporadic apparently congenital polycythemia. Blood 2003;101:1591-1595
36. Pastore Y, Jedlickova K, Guan Y, Liu E, Fahner J, Hasle H, Prchal JF, Prchal JT. Mutations of von Hippel-Lindau tumor-suppressor gene and congenital polycythemia. Am J Hum Genet 2003;73:412-419.
37. Percy MJ, McMullin MF, Jowitt SN, Potter M, Treacy M, Watson WH, Lappin TR. Chuvash-type congenital polycythemia in 4 families of Asian and Western European ancestry. Blood 2003;102:1097-1099.
38. Cario H, Schwarz K, Jorch N, Kyank U, Petrides PE, Schneider DT, Uhle R, Debatin KM, Kohne E. Mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene and VHL-haplotype analysis in patients with presumable congenital erythrocytosis. Haematologica. 2005;90:19-24.
39. Bento MC, Chang KT, Guan Y, Liu E, Caldas G, Gatti RA, Prchal JT Congenital polycythemia with homozygous and heterozygous mutations of von Hippel-Lindau gene: five new Caucasian patients. Haematologica. 2005;90:128-9.
40. Randi ML, Murgia A, Putti MC, Martella M, Casarin A, Opocher G, Fabris F. Low frequency of VHL gene mutations in young individuals with polycythemia and high serum erythropoietin. Haematologica. 2005;90:689-91.
Keywords
HYPOXIA, O2-SENSING MECHANISMS, POLYCYTHEMIA, VON HIPPEL-LINDAU, HIF1-ALPHA, PROLINE HYDROXYLASE (PHD), CHUVASH POLYCYTHEMIA, ERYTHROPOIETIN, ERYTHROPOIETIN RECEPTORControl mechanisms of erythropoiesis and congenital and familial polycythemias: role of oxygen-sensing pathways
Seconda Università degli Studi di NapoliAbstract
Regulation of oxygen homeostasis is critical to survival. Hypoxia results in increased levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1), which is part of a widespread O2-sensing mechanism providing transcriptional regulation of erythropoietin (Epo), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and many other hypoxia-regulated genes. HIF1 is composed of two subunits, HIF1-alpha and HIF1-beta, which form a heterodimer; only HIF1-alpha is regulated by hypoxia. Normoxia-induced ubiquitin-mediated degradation of HIF1-alpha protein is the major regulator of HIF1alpha levels. Cellular HIF1-alpha protein levels are increased by hypoxia and HIF1-alpha protein decays rapidly with return to normoxia.The ubiquitination of HF1-alpha requires a prolyl hydroxylation that commits the transcription factor for the interaction with an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. The E3 complex is formed by various proteins including: the von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL), elongin B, elongin C, cullin 2, and RBX1. The 3 prolyl hydroxylases, identified in mammalian cells use O2 as a substrate to generate 4-hydroxyproline at residues 402 and 564 of HIF1-alpha.
Chuvash polycythemia is the only known congenital polycythemia due to an abnormality in the oxygen pathway. The autosomal recessive disorder,endemic in the mid-Volga River region (Chuvashia), is a non-benign hematological disease characterized by a high hemoglobin content, high plasma Epo, varicose veins, vertebral hemangiomas and low blood pressure >>>
Principal Investigator
Fulvio Della Ragione Seconda Università degli Studi di NAPOLIResearch Objectives
The project has the general objective to investigate the O2-sensing molecular mechanisms and their alterations which result in an accelerated erythropoiesis and a concomitant polycythemia. The investigation will performed as an integration between clinical and basic expertizes.It is well known that under hypoxic conditions, renal cells produce high amount of erythropoietin (Epo), a pivotal cytokine which stimulates the bone marrow to produce high amount of red cells. The response of erythroid precursors to Epo is correlated to the engagement of Epo receptor, that after the interaction with its ligand forms either homodimer and heterodimer with the c-Kit receptor. The Epo receptor activation causes a complex array of events, including the phosphorylation of several tyrosines localized in the cytosolic domain of the receptor. Subsequently, the activated receptor induces the up-regulation of a number of pathways with results into increased proliferation and differentiation of the erythroid precursors. Contemporaneously, the receptor is able to activate an intrinsic loop that causes the down-regulation of the receptor activity itself.
The mechanism by which hypoxia causes the up-regulation of Epo gene expression is extremely complex. In brief, low level of O2 induces the increase of a transcriptional factor, i.e. HIF1-alpha, and the consequent expression of the genes modulated by this protein (including Epo and VEGF). The control of oxygen on HIF1-alpha level >>>
Timescale
24 monthsNational and international background
Polycythemias are a heterogeneous group of disorders defined by an absolute increase in red cell mass (1, 2). Congenital polycythemias can be:1. Primary and result from a) inherited defects in hypoxia sensing mechanisms or b) from inherited intrinsic defects in red blood cell precursors that cause increased responsiveness to erythropoietin (Epo) (primary familial and congenital polycythemia).
2. Secondary and are due to inherited conditions that lead to increased serum Epo levels.
The control of oxygen homeostasis is critical to survival and tissue hypoxia might cause cellular dysfunction and ultimately can lead to cell death. Major causes of tissue hypoxia are (a) decreased blood oxygenation (such as occurs in certain pulmonary disorders); (b) altered oxygen release from hemoglobin (associated with some hemoglobinopathies), and (c) impaired blood delivery leading to localized anemia (i.e., ischemia) as a result of low cardiac output or vascular obstruction. In order to adapt to hypoxia, mammals use a number of physiological responses. These include, among others, (a) increased production of erythropoietin (Epo), which augments the production of red blood cells; (b) induction of tyrosine hydroxylase, which facilitates the control of ventilation through the carotid body, and (c) the stimulation of new blood vessels by upregulation of VEGF (1). At the cellular level, hypoxia induces a number of metabolic changes that allow for continued energy >>>



