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Keywords
STRUCTURAL MONITORING, RISK ANALYSIS, DAMAGE SCENARIOS, GUIDE LINES, ANCIENT HERITAGE BUILDINGS, STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION, COMPLEXITY, SMART TECHNOLOGIES, HISTORICAL INFRASTRUCTURES

Guide-lines for the surveillance and management of historical structures and infrastructures, with the aid of automatic innovative monitoring systems.

Politecnico di Torino
Abstract
A fundamental problem of damage-oriented monitoring is that it can substitute traditional inspection methods only when there is the reasonable certainty that the automatic measurement and diagnosis systems making “smart” the structure are effectively capable of revealing all the more relevant conditions of severe expected and possible damage. In the domain of new constructions technical recommendations and guidelines about smart monitoring arise worldwide. Different proposals have thus appeared in a European and extra-European context.The main objectives of this research project are the nearly the same as for the aforementioned guidelines, while keeping clearly in mind that the diagnosis and survey of such uncertain and stiff structures as, generally, the ancient structures require specific and original methods and procedures, attaining often the domain of redundant information treatment and complexity.
Such objectives are listed below:
1. promoting the concept of health monitoring to structure owners or maintenance managers and to the engineering community;
2. formulating general principles on base of which configure damage scenarios and define risk analysis procedures;
3. formulating general principles on base of which integrate and implement analytical, experimental and information technologies to diagnose the condition, performance and health of a structural body, including analytical modeling, verification and systematic calibration;
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Principal Investigator
Alessandro De Stefano Politecnico di TORINO
Research Objectives
Looking at the international literature on structural health monitoring, it appears that great concern has been so far devoted to the development of techniques, methods and measurement technologies. A fundamental problem of damage-oriented monitoring is that it can substitute traditional inspection methods only when there is the reasonable certainty that the automatic measurement and diagnosis systems making “smart” the structure are effectively capable of revealing all the more relevant conditions of severe expected and possible damage. It is therefore necessary to face the problem of diagnostic monitoring in a more systematic and strategic way. In other words, it is needed a sort of “Copernican Revolution” focused on the damage scenarios, hinging around them the choice of the investigation methods and the automatic observation systems. Identifying damage scenarios and their probability of occurrence requires existing bases of knowledge to be explored whenever available, and/or simulations be performed, capable of relating each possible scenario to the severity of its consequences and the meaningfulness of its symptoms. Permanent monitoring systems are, as a matter of fact, symptom measuring systems. It is therefore necessary to evaluate how sensible each symptom is with respect to the damage which produces it and to its severity, and which type of sensor is more adequate to reveal that symptom and how large its sensitivity and its resolution power must be. The importance >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
GUIDELINES ON HEALTH STRUCTURAL MONITORING
In a European and extra-European context, there is a tendency towards promoting recommendations and standards in health structural monitoring which have already resulted in some worldwide accepted guidelines, where the rigor of the approach is combined with the flexibility towards newly appearing technologies. The tendency towards a systematic approach concerns today, however, exclusively new and recent infrastructures. No similar tendency exists so far related to other structural typologies, particularly not for historical heritage buildings and for historical infrastructures, such as masonry or iron bridges. Among the most relevant ones, it is worth noting, in the United States, the guidelines by FHWA (“Recording and coding guide for the structure inventory – An appraisal of the Nation’s bridges”, “Implementation program on high performance concrete – Guidelines for instrumentation of bridges”, “Reliability of Visual Inspection”, “Traffic monitoring guide”, “Development of a model health monitoring guide for major bridges”), by AASHTO (“Manual for condition evaluation of bridges”) and NCHRP (“Manual for rating through load testing”); in Europe the specifications by ISO International Standard (ISO 13822 “Bases for design of structures – Assessment of existing structures”, ISO 14963 “Mechanical vibration and shock – Guidelines for dynamic tests and investigations on bridges and viaduct”, ISO 14964 “Mechanical vibration and >>>