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Keywords
BIOSLURRY REACTORS, MIXING, SOILS RECLAIM, EXPERIMENTS, MODELING, RHEOLOGY, MULTIPHASE FLUID-DYNAMICS, BIODEGRADATION KINETICS, TWO-FLUID THEORY

Experimental analysis, modeling and simulations of bioslurry reactors for soil remediation

Politecnico di Milano
Abstract
The needing to optimize bioslurry processes for the contaminated soil remediation requires therefore the determination of several operating parameters concerning the equipment and the process. Biodegradation of polluting agents is still not completely understood, due to the complex nature of involved phenomena. A bioslurry can be considered like a three-phase system in which the degradation of the pollutants solid phase may occur both on the phases boundary and in the bulk of the liquid phase with a complex kinetic that can also show a long incubation time.
First of all, it is necessary to study, through laboratory scale experiments, the efficiency and the flexibility of a soil remediation, artificially polluted or coming from an industrial site.
To correctly design the mixing process the slurry will be rheologically characterised in order to obtain a proper constitutive equation. The fluid-dynamic study of the system will allow to investigate the optimal agitation regime that concurs the attainment of the best operating condition as a function of the different pollutant degradation kinetic dynamics. Finally transport and dispersion phenomena between the different phases will be studied because the bioavailability of the pollutants in the considered system will be given essentially by the transport of pollutants and their solubility in the liquid phase. Combining experimental results about the pollutants removal from the soils with the rheological >>>

Principal Investigator
Massimo Morbidelli Politecnico di MILANO
Research Objectives
The goal of this Research Program is both the experimental and the modelling study of bioslurry reactors for the remediation of polluted soils. The study will allow to optimize bioslurry processes involved in polluted soils reclamation by means of an ex-situ SS-SBR technology (Soil Slurry Sequencing Batch Reactor), with the aim to define both the feasibility of the different technical solutions and the optimal operating parameters that must be adopted for the treatment. A close collaboration will be carried out by the Research Units in order to achieve the prefixed results. It is possible to summarize the aims of each Research Unit (R.U.) as in the following:

R.U. Milano
- to choose and to characterize one or more soils.
- to clearly define the main operating parameters of the process: temperature, mixing rate, volume and solid concentration of the slurry.
- to obtain a data bank of experimental results about the remediation efficiency as a function of the different configuration on the operating bioslurry reactors.
- to explain bioslurry reactor experimental data.
- to set up proper mixing system and to modify rheological properties of the system in order to improve the efficiency of the pollutants remediation, to minimize the energy requirements and to optimize the reaction volumes per weight of polluted soil.
- to define and to analyze new remediation systems.
- to define guidelines for the developing and the >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
Soils remediation technologies have assumed in the last years a greater importance due to the presence of a large number of industrial polluted soils. The interest towards the remediation techniques has allowed the development of different removal methods based on chemical, physical, thermal and biological treatments, or their combination. The choice of the technology to use depends on many factors linked to the nature of the pollutants and the morphology of the soil, but also to the costs and the legal aspects. That is only the final part of a feasibility study and of a research study on laboratory scale. The feasibility of the technology, optimization of the processes in energetic and economic terms are the objects of that research.
In the cases of contamination from hydrocarbons and organic substances, the biological treatments have acquired a key role because of these treatments require simple and economic technologies.
Such treatments, combined with chemical or physical processes, have been successfully used also in soils contaminated by hydrophobic and persistent organic substances like Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). These compounds are resistant to the biodegradation because they bond the argillaceous part and the organic fraction of the soil determining an accumulation in the soil and a long time contamination. These compounds are of concern both for human health and the atmosphere. In fact many PAH have been classified as cancerogenous by the >>>