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INIZIO_TESTO_DA_INDICIZZARE

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Bibliografia
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Bowersock, L'Ellenismo nel mondo tardoantico, trad. it., Roma-Bari 1992; J.N. Bremmer-J.R. Veenstra, The Methamorphosis of Magic, Atti Convegno, Groningen 2000; P. Brown, The Body and the Society. Men, Women and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity, London and Boston 1989; P. Brown, Povertà e Leadership nel tardo impero romano, trad. it., Roma-Bari 2003; Caliri, E., Società ed Economia della Sicilia di VI secolo attraverso il registrum epistularum di Gregorio Magno, Messina 1997; K. Cokayne, Experiencing old age in Ancient Rome, London 2003; F.E. Consolino, Ascesi e mondanità nella Gallia tardoantica. Studi sulla figura del vescovo nei secoli IV-VI, Napoli 1980; F.E. Consolino, Il diavolo e l'iconografia, in S. Pricoco (ed.), Il demonio e i suoi complici. Dottrina e credenze demonologiche nella Tarda Antichità, Messina 1995, 286-319; L.W. Countrymen, The rich christian in the church of the early Empire, New York 1980; Clerc J.B., Homines magici. Étude sur la sorcellerie et la magie dans la societé romaine imperiale, Paris-New York 1995; Constantelos D.J., Byzantine Philanthropy and Social Welfare, New Brunswick 1968; Dodds E.R., Pagani e cristiani in un'epoca di angoscia (1965), trad.it. Firenze 1970; H.J.W. Drijvers, History and Religion in Late Antique Syria, Aldershot 1994; L. Edelstein, Ancient medicine. Selected papers of Ludwig Edelstein, ed. O. Temkin & C.L. Temkin, Baltimore 1967; A. Festugière, Les Moines d'Orient, I-IV, paris 1961-1965; E.K. Fowden, The Barbarian Plain. St. Sergius between Rome and Iran, Princeton 1999; Garland R., The Eye of the beholder. Deformity and disability in the graeco-roman world, London 1995; Gebbia, C., Il Lessico della povertà nel Codice Teodosiano, in «Hestiasis» 6, 1986, 73-88; Ead., Pueros vendere vel locare. Schiavitù e realtà africana nelle nuove lettere di Sant'Agostino, L'Africa romana IV, 1986, 215-227; Gorce D., Les voyages, l'hospitalité et le porte des lettres dans le monde chrétien des IVe et Ve siècle, Paris 1925; Hands R.A., Charities and social aid in Greece and Rome, Rome 1968; Harig G., Zum Problem des Krankenhaus in der Antike, «Klio» 53, 1971, 179-195; Harig G., Kolletsch J., Artz, Kranker und Krankenpflege in der griechisch-römischer Antike und byzantinischer Mittelalter, Helikon 13-14, 1973/1974, 256-292; N. F. Hendy, Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy c. 300-1450, Cambridge 1985; Hiltbrunner O., Xenodocheion, Xenodochium, PW IX, A2, 1967, 1487-1503; Id., Herberge, RAC 14, 1988, 602-626; Jetter D., Das europäische Hospital. Von der Spätantike bis 1800, Köln 1986; J.P.C. Kent (ed.), The Roman Imperial Coinage. Vol. X; S.N.C. Lieu, Captives, Refugees and Exiles: A Study of Cross-Frontier Civilian Movements and Contacts between Rome and the Persia from Valerian to Jovian, in P. Freeman-D. Kennedy, The Defence of the Roman and Byzantine East, Atti di Convegno, Oxford 1986; R.W. Mathisen-H. Sivan (eds. by), Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity, Aldershot 1996; P. Mayerson, Monks, Martyrs, Soldiers and Sarachens, Jerusalem 1994; Miller T.S., The Birth of the Hospital in the Byzantine Empire, Baltimore 1985; Mollat, M., Recherches sur les pauvres et la pauvreté, Centre de recherches d'histoire du Moyen Age, 1-9, Paris 1962/1973; Id., Etudes sur l'histoire de la pauvreté (Moyen Age-XVI siècle), 1-2, Paris 1974;Id., Les premieres hopitaux (VI-XI siècles), in J. Imbert, Histoire des hopitaux en France, Toulose 1982; F. Millar, The Roman Near East, 31 BC-AD 337, Cambridge, Mass.-London 1993; A. Negev, The Inscriptions of the Negev, Jerusalem 1981; V. Neri, I marginali nell’occidente tardoantico. Poveri, ‘infames’ e criminali nella nascente società cristiana, Munera 12, Bari 1998; T.G. Parkin, Demography and Roman Society, Baltimore 1992; Patlagean E., Pauvreté économique et pauvreté sociale à Byzance (IV-VII siècle), Paris 1977; Pétré H., Caritas. Etude sur le vocabulaire latin de la charité chrétienne, Louvain 1948; M. Rouche, La matricula des pauvres, évolution d’une institution de charité du Bas-Empire jusq’à la fin du Haut Moyen Âge, in M. Mollat (a cura di), Études sur l’histoire de la pauvreté (Moyen Âge – XVI s.), VIII, Paris-Sorbonne 1974, 83-110; G. Pfohl (Hrsg), Inschriften des Griechen: epigraphische Quellen zur Geschichte der antiken Medizin, Darmstadt 1972; Philipesborn A., Der Fortschritt in der Entwicklung des Byzantinische Krankenhauswesens, ByzZ 54, 1961, 338-365; Pietri Ch., Les pauvres et la pauvreté dans l'Italie de l'Empire Chretienne, IV siècle, MHE 6, 1983, 267-300; J. Pigeaud, Folie et cures de la folie chez les médicine de l'antiquité gréco-romaine: la manie, Paris 1987; Pinzone, A., Provincia Sicilia, Catania 1999, Ramsay B., Almsgiving in the Latin Church: the Late Fourth and early FifthCenturies, ThS 43, 1982, 226-259; Rougé J., Aspects de la pauvreté et de ses remèdes au IV et V siècles, AARC 8, 1990, 227-248; G. Sabbah, P.-P. Corsetti, K.D. Fischer (sous la dir. de), Bibliographie des textes medicaux latins: antiquité et moyen-âge, Saint Étienne (Univ.) 1978; G. Sabbah (Ed.), Médicins et médicine dans l'antiquité, Saint Etienne (Univ.) 1982; Schreiber G., Byzantinisches und abendlandisches Hospital. Zur Spitalordnung des Pantokrator und zur byzantinischen Medizin, ByzZ 42, 1943-1949, 116-149; Scobie A., Slums, Sanitation and mortality in the Roman world, Klio 68, 1986, 399-433; B. Shaw, Bandits in the Roman Empire, P&P 105, 1984, 3-52; B. 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Keywords
POVERTY, FAITH, MAGIC, SUPERSTITION

Poverty, social unrest and conversion during the Late Antiquity (IIIrd-VIth A.D.)

Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza"
Abstract
The research Program aims to a general investigation on indigence, together with his material and spiritual consequences, and the different forms of reaction to it. As a methodological approach, the research will focus both on the western and the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire during the Late Antiquity. In some cases, it will be possible to extend the analysis beyond the Roman frontiers, and to describe some phaenomena in the regions alongside the Roman border (e.g., some parts of the Persian Empire). As consequences of material poverty and spiritual unrest, physical diseases and spiritual troubles represent fundamental aspects of the social and spiritual 'pathology' in the world of the Late Antiquity. Social rebellion and religious conversion express forms of reaction, from individuals as well as from groups, to intolerable situations caused by indigence and spiritual trouble. Joining different competences, the research units will analyse aspects of reaction to indigence, with special interest by a social, cultural and religious perspective.
Evidence from literary texts, epigraphy, papirology, archaeology from the whole Roman Empire in the Late Antiquity will contribute to describe some general phaenomena which are peculiar of this period: e.g., process and causes of the gradual impoverishment of many groups of population in the Late Empire (both in urban and in rural context); social conflicts as consequences of a strong division between social >>>

Principal Investigator
Mario Mazza Università degli Studi di ROMA "La Sapienza"
Research Objectives
The Research program aims to investigate the different aspects of poverty (economic, social as well as spiritual) in strong connection with social rebellion and conversion, which originate as reaction to it. The context of the research is the Roman Empire in the Late Antiquity (III-VI AD), both in eastern provinces (unit of Rome, unit of Catania, unit of Viterbo-Tuscia) and in the western provinces, focussing on Sicily and southern Italy (unit of Messina, unit of Palermo). Starting from a common methodological perspective, each unit will analyse some important problems, which are linked to poverty and disease, and the possible reaction (personal and social) against it. Different problems will be discussed through a deep analysis of each kind of sources: texts from literary sources, epigraphy, papirology, and archaeology. As a general frame of the reseach, it is possible to indicate to different aspects of disease in the Late Antiquity: physical diseases and spiritual diseases. Physical diseases represent the result of poverty. Large groups of the late antique society were victims during that period of a gradual impoverishment, both in urban and in rural context. The different aspects of physical disease were studied by this research group in the last year, thanks to a previous sponsorship of the MIUR (2003). Starting from the results of this previous research program (some results are still in progress to be published), this new research program aims to investigate on the >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
The research units under the direction of Prof. Mazza will investigate the different ways of social and spiritual reaction to poverty, focussing on some regions of the Roman East during the Late Antiquity (III-VI A.D.). In the last years many studies have been published on social rebellion, bandits, personal and collective conversion. In particular many recent researches were aimed to understand problems such as poverty and marginal groups in the late antique society. See, e.g. the studies of B. Shaw, Sunskes-Thompson, R. Urban, J. Szidat, W. Ries on bandits and social rebellion; of P. Brown and his historical school on the religious conversion; of P. Garnsey on famine and provisioning in the Roman world; of V. Neri on the marginal groups in the society. It is still possible a more accurate investigation of the connection between different phaenomena of economical, social, cultural and religious pressure and poverty (which usually give as a result sickness, both phisycal and spiritual) in the Late Antiquity. The eastern provinces of the Roman Empire provide large field for investigating this problem. Many kinds of sources could contribute to realize such analysis: literary texts (both technical, such as medical literature; and juridical, such as the Theodosian or Justinian Codes), hagiography, monastic literature (with special interest for egyptian, syrian and coptic monks). On the other hand, the classicizing Greek historiography (from the Severian age to John of Antioch at >>>