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Keywords
PREHISTORY, PROTOHISTORY, SETTLEMENT PATTERNS, PALAEOECOLOGY, PALAEOECONOMY, LITHIC TECHNOLOGY, ARCHAEOMETRY, RAW MATERIALS, GIS

Environment, raw materials, technologies, subsistence strategies and dynamics of the settlement patterns since the Upper Paleolithic until the Early Iron Age in the area of Mondragone (CE)

Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza"
Abstract
The importance of the Prehistory of the Mondragone (Caserta) area became evident in the last ten years thanks to the results of surface surveys and systematic excavations carried out since 1994 by the University of Naples “Federico II” and, successively, by the University of Rome “La Sapienza”, together with the Archaeological Superintendence of Naples and Caserta and the Mondragone municipality.
Several prehistoric sites, referable to the Upper Palaeolithic, the Neo-Eneolithic, the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age, have been discovered; amongst them, the Cave of Roccia San Sebastiano represents the most important evidence and the unique example of a stratified Upper Palaeolithic (Gravettian) site in the area comprised between the Northern coast of Campania and the Southern coast of Latium.
In consideration of the entity of the finds and of the importance of the cultural succession observed in the cave, this project consists in a detailed territorial study which could clarify the different paleo-environmental contexts and the related dynamics of the peopling of the area during the different above mentioned Periods.
The success of this project depends on a series of objectives linked to specific researches, whose results could answer to particular problems such as:
- The characterization of the paleo-environments and the geological reconstruction of the landscape of Mondragone area in pre- and protohistoric times;
- The identification and >>>

Principal Investigator
Marcello Piperno Università degli Studi di ROMA "La Sapienza"
Research Objectives
The principal aim of this Research Project is the reconstruction of the interactions between the environmental processes and the anthropic dynamics in the area of the actual Mondragone municipality since Upper Palaeolithic until the Early Iron Age.
The Project is articulated in operatives phases addressed to a deep research of the territorial aspects and archaeological contexts of the Mondragone area, as well as to the prosecution of the researches in the Cave of Roccia San Sebastiano, through systematic excavation campaigns and studies.
The success of the project is based on a series of objectives related to specific questions, such as:
- The palaeo-ecological analysis of the Mondragone Plane and the reconstruction of the geomorphology of the landscape during pre- and protohistoric times;
- The characterization of the raw material sources since the end of the Pleistocene until the Holocene;
- The realization of a cartographic computerized base through a GIS application for the implementation of the archaeological and environmental data;
- The production of a thematic cartography for the selective and/or integrated, diachronic and/or synchronic treatment of the environmental and archaeological data;
- The description of the cultural contexts and of the geological dynamics related to the formation process of the archaeological deposits;
- To obtain an absolute chronology through a series of C14 dates of different levels >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
The Prehistory of the Mondragone (Caserta) area emerged in its importance thanks to the results of systematic surveys undertaken since 1994 by the University of Naples “Federico II” together with the Archaeological Superintendence of Naples and Caserta.
Moreover, since 2001, the University of Rome “La Sapienza” carried out regular excavation campaigns of the very important Upper Palaeolithic deposit in the large cave opening in the locality of Roccia di San Sebastiano (Lavino et al. 1999, 2003; Belluomini et al. 2002; Piperno 2003, 2006), which represents the only evidence of Palaeolithic frequentation systematically and stratigraphically studied in the territory comprised between the Northern Campania coast and the Southern Latium coast.
The site is even more important if we consider the exiguity of prehistoric evidences referable to the Gravettian overall the Italian peninsula.
Several prehistoric sites are actually known, thanks to surface surveys and important collections of archaeological material referable to different period comprised between Upper Palaeolithic and Early Iron Age.
Among them, the most important are attributed to the initial (Arivito) and final phase of the Upper Palaeolithic (Incaldana – Roccia San Sebastiano), to the Neo-Eneolithic (Arivito, Starza, Bagni Solfurei, San Pietro) and to the Bronze Age (Bagni Solfurei, Sant’Eufemia). Equally important are the collections attributed to the Early Iron Age and to the Archaic Age >>>