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Bibliografia
Per la concezione relativa all’ imperatore cristiano in riferimento alla sua elaborazione e diffusione:
S. Calderone, ‘Costantino e il Cattolicesimo’, Firenze 1962, rist. Bologna 2001.
R. Farina, ‘L’impero e l’imperatore cristiano in Eusebio di Cesarea’, Zurigo 1966.
L. Cracco Ruggini, ‘Imperatori ed uomini divini (I – VI secolo d. C.)’ in P. Brown – M. Mazza, ‘Governanti ed intellettuali. Popolo di Roma e popolo di Dio (I – VI)’, Torino 1982, 9 – 91
H. Bellen, ‘Christianissimus Imperator. Zur Christianisierung der römische Kaiserideologie von Constantin bis Theodosius’, in R. Günther –S. Rebenich, ‘E fontibus haurire’, Paderborn 1994, 3 –19.
N.B. McLynn, ‘Ambrose of Milan. Church and Court in a Christian Capital’, Berkley-Los Angeles-London 1994.
K. Gross-Albenhausen, ‘Imperator Christianissimus. Das christliche Kaiser bei Ambrosius und Johannes Chrysostomus’, Francoforte 1999.
M. Clauss, ‘Kaiser und Gott. Herrscherkult in roemischen Reich’, Leipzig 1999.

Per lo studio delle reti di relazioni tra le élites provinciali e per i’ corpora’ epistolari:
Tutti i Commenti storici ai Libri II, III, IV, V, VI, IX e alle ‘Relationes’ di Q. Aurelio Simmaco, editi da Giardini, Pisa dal 1981 al 2002.
J. Divjak (cur.), ‘Les Lettres de saint Augustin découvertes par Johannes Divjak’. Communications présentées au colloque des 20-21 Septembre 1982, Paris 1983.
St. Rebenich , ‚Hieronymus und sein kreis’ (Historia Einz., 72), Stuttgart 1992.
R. Pouchet, ‘Basil le grand et son univers d’amis d’après sa correspondance’ (Studia Ephemeridis «Augustinianum», 36), Roma, 1992.
J.A. McGuckin, ‘Gregory of Nazianzus. An Intellectual Biography’, Crestwood (NY), St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 2001.
St. Rebenich, ‘St. Jerome’, London 2002.
R. Van Dam, ‘Families and Friends in Late Roman Cappadocia’, Philadelphia, Penn, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
R. Mathisen, ‘People, Personal Expression, and Social Relations in Late Antiquity’, 1, Ann Arbor, 2003.

Per il funzionamento delle strutture amministrative centrali e periferiche:
A. Giardina, ‘Aspetti della burocrazia nel basso Impero’, Roma 1977.
G. De Bonfils, "Il comes et quaestor nell'età della dinastia costantiniana", Napoli 1981.
M. Clauss, "Der magister officiorum in der Spaetantike (4.-6. Jahrhundert)", Muenchen 1981.
J. Migl, "Die Ordnung der Aemter. Praetorianerpraefektur und Vikariat in der Regionalverwaltung des roemischen Reiches von Konstantin bis zur Valentinianischen Dynastie", Frankfurt u.a. 1994.
R. Delmaire, ‘Les institutions du bas-Empire romain de Constantin à Justinien. Les institutions civiles palatines’, Paris 1995.
E. Gabba (a c. di), ‘Il senato nella storia’, I, Roma 1998.
W. Eck, ‘L’Italia nell’Impero romano. Stato e amministrazione in epoca imperiale’, (tr. it), Bari 1999.
J. H. W. G. Liebeschuetz, ‘The Decline and Fall of the Roman City’, Oxford 2001.
P. F. Porena," Le origini della prefettura del pretorio tardoantica", Roma 2003.
C. Wickham, ‘Framing the Early Middle Ages. Europe and Mediterranean’, 400-800, Oxford 2005.


Per Roma, Costantinopoli e le altre residenze imperiali:
W. Liebeschuetz, ‚Antioche. City and Imperial Administration in the Later Roman Empire’, Oxford 1972.
L. Cracco Ruggini, ‘Nascita e morte di una capitale’, "Quad. Catanesi di St. Class. e Med.", 2, 1990 (Studi in mem. di S. Mazzarino, III), pp. 5-51.
G. Dagron, ‘Costantinopoli. Nascita di una capitale (350-451)’, (tr. it.) Torino 1991.
Ch. Pietri, ‘Christiana Respublica. Eléments d'une enquête sur le christianisme antique II, CEFR 234, Roma 1997.
Harris W.V. (ed.), ‘The Transformations of Urbs Roma in Late Antiquity’, Portsmouth, Rhode Island 1999.
B. Giardina (a c. di), ‘Roma antica ( Storia di Roma dall’antichità ad oggi)’, Roma-Bari 2000.
M. Sordi, ‘Come Milano divenne capitale’, in Ead. (a cura di), ‘L’impero romano-cristiano. Problemi politici religiosi culturali’, Roma 1991, pp. 33-45.
Per lo studio delle reti di relazioni tra le élites:
E.Clark, ‘The Origenist Controversy’, Princeton 1992.
R. Mathisen, ‘People, Personal Expression, and Social Relations in Late Antiquity’, 1, Ann Arbor, 2003.
J.H.W.G. Liebeschuetz, ‘The Collected Letters of Ambrose of Milan’, in L. Ellis and F. Kidner (eds.), ‘Travel, Communication and Geography in Late Antiquity’, Aldershot, England and Burlington, Vermont, 2004, pp. 95-110.

Per Amministrazione e realtà provinciali:
P. Petit, "Libanius et la vie municipale à Antioch au IVe siècle après J.-C.", Paris 1955.
W. Liebeschuetz, "Antioch. City and imperial administration in the Later Roman Empire", Oxford 1972.
S. Pricoco, "L'isola dei santi. Il cenobio di Lerino e le origini del monachesimo gallico", Roma 1978.
C. Lepelley, "Les cités de l'Afrique romaine au Bas Empire.I, La permanence d'une civilisation municipale", Paris 1979.
A. Guillaumont, "Histoire des moines aux Kellia", in "Aux origines du monachisme chrétien", Bellefontaine 1979.
P. Veyne, "Clientèle et corruption au service de l'état: la venalité des offices dans le Bas-Empire", Annales 36, 1981.
B. Levick, "Governement of the Roman Empire", London 1985.
E. Demougeot, "Le fonctionnariat du Bas-Empire éclairé par les fautes des fonctionnaires", Latomus, 45, 1986
P. Barrau, "À propos de l'officium du vicaire d'Afrique', in L'Africa romana 4, 1987.
R. Lizzi, "Il potere episcopale nell'Oriente Romano", Roma 1987.
F. M. Ausbüttel, "Die Verwaltung der Städte und Provinzen im Spätantiken Italien", Frankfurt 1988.
K Rosen, "Iudex und Officium: Kollektivstrafe, Kontrolle und Effizienz in der Spätantiken Provinzalverwaltung", AS, 21, 1990.
R. S. Bagnall, "Egypt in Late Antiquity", Princeton 1993.
G. A. Cecconi, "Governo imperiale e élites dirigenti nell'Italia tardo-antica. Problemi di storia politico-amministrativa (270-476 d.C.)", Como 1994.
AA. VV., "Les governeurs de province dans l'Antiquité tardive', AnTard, 6,1998.
AA. VV., "Figures du povoir: governeurs et évêques", AntTard, 7, 1999.
Convegno su "Corruzione , repressione e rivolta morale nella Tarda Antichità", Catania 1999.
Atti del XIII Convegno dell'Accademia Romanistica Costantiniana, Napoli 2001
M. Cassia, "Cappadocia romana", Catania 2004.

Sul ruolo della Sicilia:
L. Cracco Ruggini, "La Sicilia fra Roma e Bisanzio", in AA. VV., "Storia della Sicilia", 3, Napoli 1981.
R. J. Wilson, "Sicily under the Roman Empire", Warminster 1990.
A. Pinzone, Provincia Sicilia, Catania 1999; Barra Bagnasco M.-De Miro E.-Pinzone A. (edd.), "Origine e incontri di culture nell'antichità. Magna Grecia e Sicilia. Stato degli studi e prospettive", Messina 1999.
Sul dibattito religioso nelle periferie dell'impero, con particolare riferimento al culto dei santi:
P. Brown, "Il culto dei santi. L'origine e la diffusione di una nuova religiosità", tr. it., Torino 1983.
P. Brown, "La società e il sacro nella tarda antichità", tr.it., Torino 1988.
P. Brown, "Potere e Cristianesimo nella tarda antichità", tr.it., Bari 1995.
P. Brown, "La formazione dell'Europa cristiana. Universalismo e diversità", tr. it., Bari-Roma 1995.
Keywords
LATE ANTIQUITY, POLITICAL ÈLITES, IMPERIAL OFFICIALS, CHRISTIANITY, CULTURE, ROMAN PROVINCES

Institutions, Charismatic Figures and Exercise of Power in the Centre and in the Periphery of the Empire (IV-V Century A.D.).

Università degli Studi di Perugia
Abstract
The common objective of the three researching-teams is to analyze and to investigate some main-themes of Late Antiquity: the development of the conception about the power, from the “svolta costantiniana” to the age of Theodosian dynasty; how happened, in the same age, the ridefiniton of the parts of old and new, lay and ecclesiastic men who played a leading role in the exercise of the power in the centre and in the periphery of Empire.
All researching-teams – who have been working together on similar projects for five years (since 2001) – share cultural assumptions, methodology and final goals:
A- common assumption is the integration of imperial and Church history;
B- every researching-team has a task distinct but clearly interconnected: Perugia 1: the sacredness of the Emperors between paganism and Christianity; Perugia 2: the ties of Roman aristocracy (as senatorial aristocracy as well as social group) with old and new élites of the Empire; Messina: the grand palatine- and government magistratures, and the hagiographic tradition on Constantine;
C- common and shared methodology is to examine in first place data of prosopography and letters (written by Gregorius, Basilius, Symmachus, Libanios) as means to reconstruct relations between men and institutions inside the Empire;
D- the common prospect is to detect how institutions as Senate, administration offices of the cities evolved, or how were surpassed by new organizations such as imperial >>>

Principal Investigator
Giorgio Bonamente Università degli Studi di PERUGIA
Research Objectives
The three researching-teams will organize together, in their respective seats, a series of seminars and conferences, with debates opened to scholars authoritative at international level; moreover, they assure constant presence of the coordinators at conferences on subjects concerning their research that will be organized in Italy and abroad, and they intend to take the initiative to organize an international conference on the subject "Tra Roma e il mondo imperiale: l'aristocrazia romana e le sue relazioni (IV-VI secolo d.C.".
The researching-teams envisage the publication of a monography (at least) on divinization of Roman emperors, and of two historical commentaries to specific sources (like the First book of Symmachus'Letters and the "Actus Sylvestri), and of a series of studies. For certain themes like the interaction between religious insitutions and imperial offices, the comparison between pagan and christian culture (with reference to Historia Augusta), the development of the tradition about the figure of ideal emperor, all three researching-teams will consolidate the reputation acquired inside contextes of international cooperation.

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
Common references of all three researching-teams are the recent studies on some meaningful aspects of social, institutional, economic and religious context of the Empire in the Late Antiquity, more specifically critical studies that are devoted to civil and religious power-centres and to the vitality and the decline of civic and peripheral areas.
The strong development in the analysis of every typology of sources (epigraphic, literary, archeological, numismatic and papyrological) has provided scholars with sizeable documentation, partly brought in a set of data-banks that can be increased, but that by now authorize provisional conclusions about relations between lay-élites and ecclesiastic-élites, about the reconstruction of the careers of the men who played a relevant part in political and cultural life also in the periphery of the Empire, about the organization of complex factors regarding the transformation of institutions.
Each researcher of our teams intends to carry out his studies right in some of these subjects at present at the centre of cultural interest and debate: for example, the function of government, the dynamics of attainment of economic and politic power, the dynamic balance between State- and Church-institutions, the new charismatic figures who rose above the others.
As to details, we refer to data of researching-teams, and we shall confine ourself to indicating as common references the debate on continuity and decline of the >>>