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Bibliografia
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Keywords
ETHNIC DIFFERENCES, HEALTH AND ILLNESS REPRESENTATIONS, PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY, CARE RELATION, TRAINING, PROFESSIONAL INTEGRATION

Cultural differences and professional cooperation in Health Care settings. A clinical and social research.

Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Abstract
The integration of foreign personnel in Social and Health Care Organizations as well as in family’s support activities is becoming by far an issue of social relevance. The present research aims to face this matter giving particular emphasis to the health-illness and care relationships’ representations.
Moreover the comparison on professional identity between operators having different cultural backgrounds seems to be crucial in organizational contexts when aiming to set up shared care practices.
In respect to this subject, the lack of national research projects has to be underlined. The three Units involved in this research (Milano, Catania and Roma) aim to narrow such a gap sharing themes, procedures and selecting specific research fields.
The aim is not only deepening the problems’ knowledge but also accomplishing best work practices involving foreign operators as well as Italian ones (professional nurses, paramedics, home health aides, babysitters), and enabling the participation of public and private social organizations’ managers, babysitters and home health aides’ employers. To this purpose, the research foresees the arrangement of focus groups followed by training groups led by experts in order to obtain professional integration and shared products to be spread at a national level. In this sense the research assumes a clinical-social nature.
The present research can be defined as a multimethod and multilevel one; it is in fact grounded on >>>

Principal Investigator
Vittorio Cigoli Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Research Objectives
The project raises from the socially relevant problem of immigrant personnel integration in Social-Health Care Organizations and in the families. The presence of “caregivers” (professional nurses, paramedics, home health aides and babysitters) belonging to different cultural backgrounds implies noticeable difficulties due to the different ways of conceiving both health and illness and the care relationship itself. Such a problem is evident among multicultural professional groups as well as at an organizational level, where it is necessary to define procedures and operative duties according to the Service’s goals.
Given the increasing incidence of immigrants carrying out “care” jobs in different contexts, the absence, particularly at a national level, of specific studies on this matter is noteworthy.
The research project general aim is to:
· Study the representations, the attitudes and the values that lead the professional activity with regards to health and illness, health care relationships, particularly significative rites of passage (growth, illness and death);
· Evaluate the interventions and the operative practices the different professionals use to carry out their duties;
· Consider the functioning of work groups in their actual context in order to highlight the problems concerning the professional integration of operators having the same work roles but belonging to different cultural backgrounds;
· Develop integrated >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
According to the Italian Statistic Immigration Report (Caritas, Migrantes, 2005), 47.5% of immigrants work in the Social Services, this being the main source of employment, by far exceeding agriculture (13%) and industry (39.5%). As regards to the immigrants origin, people coming from South America, Eastern Europe and South-east Asia are mainly hired in the Services; moreover, this sector is becoming an increasing employment basin, outlining a continuously raising trend.
The actual change is the presence of foreign personnel in public and private Social Care Services: so that, in addition to the well-established domestic employments (house servants, babysitters and home health aides), a massive employment of foreign personnel in public and private Services such as Hospitals, Nursing Care Residency for the Elderly and Youth Centres has been registered.
It also appears interesting to point out that, besides the traditional offer of low profile unspecific jobs, a new high offer of qualified jobs (registered nurses and other social-health professionals), held by Italians in only 1/5 of the cases, is nowadays developing. In this regard it has been estimated that the 63,8% of the newly hired professional nurses and the 60% of the employed socio-sanitary assistants in 2005 were foreigners.
Hence in Italy a so called “care industry” (Hochschild, 2002) causing a strong demand of immigrant women is nowadays outlining. If in the past years immigrant women were >>>