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Bibliografia
Leo Valiani, Contro due venti (In memoria di Lucretiu Patrascanu), in “Il Ponte”, X, 1954, pp. 697-701
Enrico Vitello, L’affare Patrascanu, in “Nord e sud”, XVII; 1970, pp. 66-74
Mihai Giugariu (ed.), Principiul bumerangului. Documente ale proceselui Lucretiu Patrascanu, Bucuresti, Vremea, 1996
Lavinia Betea, Lucretiu Patrascanu. Moartea unui lider comunist, Bucuresti, 2001
Florin Constantiniu, P.C.R., Patrascanu si Transilvania (1945-1946), Bucuresti, Editura Enciclopedica; 2001
Lukretsiu Petreshkanu, Sankt-Peterburg, Izd-vo "Petropolis", 2001

Giacomo Scotti, Ustascia tra il fascio e la svastica: storia e crimini del movimento ustascia, Udine, Incontri, 1976
Giacomo Scotti, Goli Otok: italiani nel gulag di Tito, Trieste, Lint, 2002
Pasquale Iuso, Il fascismo e gli ustascia, 1929-1941: il separatismo croato in Italia, Roma, Gangemi, 1998
Erik Gobetti, Dittatore per caso: un piccolo duce protetto dall'Italia fascista, Napoli, L'ancora del Mediterraneo, 2001
Tatjana Krizman Malev, Fra Pavelic e Mihailov: forme ed aspetti del collaborazionismo in Croazia e Macedonia, in "Qualestoria", 1992, Vol. 20, fasc. 1, pp. 17-31
Yves Durand, Le nouvel ordre europeen nazi 1938-1945. Paris, 1990
Enzo Collotti - Teodoro Sala - Giorgio Vaccarino, L'Italia nell'Europa danubiana durante la seconda guerra mondiale, Milano, 1967
Enzo Collotti, Il Litorale adriatico nel Nuovo ordine europeo 1943-45, Milano, 1974
Mile Budak: pjesnik i mucenik Hrvatske: spomen-zbornik o stotoj godišnjicu rodenja, 1889-1989, a cura di Vinko Nikolic, Barcelona-München, 1990
Dubravko Jelcic, Književnik Mile Budak sada i ovdje, Zagreb, 2005

Gabriele Nissim, L'uomo che fermò Hitler. Storia di Dimitar Pesev che salvò gli ebrei di una nazione intera, Milano, Mondadori, 1998
Velichko Georgiev, Masonstvoto v Bulgarija: pronikvane, organizatsija, razvitie i rolija do sredata na tridesette godini na XX vek, Sofija, Nauka i izkustvo, 1986
Bogdan Filov, Dnevnik (ed. Ilcho Dimitrov), Sofija, Izd-vo na Otechestvenija front, 1986
Rita Tolomeo (ed.), Tra speranze e delusioni. la Bulgaria a Versailles, Roma, Lithos, 2002
Stephane Groueff, Crown of thorns: the reign of king Boris III of Bulgaria, 1918-1943, New York-London, Lanham, 1987
Richard Crampton, A concise history of Bulgaria, Cambridge, 1997


Alexander, S. The triple Myth. A Life of Archibishop Alojzije Stepinac, New York 1987
Baton, D. Mladi Stepinac. Pisma zaruenici (Il giovane Stepinac. Lettere alla fidanzata), Roma 1975
Bauer, E. Aloisius Kardinal Stepinac. Recklinghausen 1979
Beluhan, Kostelic, E. Stepinac govori (Stepinac parla), Valencia 1967
Benigar, A. Alojzije Stepinac - Hrvatski kardinal (Alojzije Stepinac - Cardinale croato) Roma 1974
Cavalli, F. Il processo dell'Arcivescovo di Zagabria, Roma 1947
Dragoun, Th. Le dossier du cardinal Stepinac, Paris 1958
Eterovic, F. Aloysius Cardinal Stepinac. A spiritual Leader. Chicago 1970
Istranin, N. (Anonymous) Stepinac - un innocente condannato. Vicenza 1982
Kreuzer, P. Fahrt zu Stepinac. Würzburg 1954
Landeroy, M. Le Cardinal Stepinac, martyr des droits de l'homme. Parigi 1981
Nikolic, V. Stepinac mu je ime - Zbornik uspomena, svjedocanstava i dokumenata (Stepinac e il suo nome - Atti di memorie, testimonianze e documenti) (2 vol.) Monaco di Baviera/Barcelona, 1978-1980
O'Brien of Thomond, A. H. Archbishop Stepinac. The Man and his Case. Westminster 1947
Pattee, R. The case of Cardinal Aloysius Stepinac. Milwaukee 1953
Pezet, E. Stepinac - Tito. Contextes et éclairages de "L'Affaire". Parigi 1959
Piovanelli, M. Un vincitore all'Est...". Profillo biografico del Cardinale Stepinac. Milano 1961
Pizzardo, G. I quattordici anni di martirio del cardinale Stepinac. Roma 1960
Prcela I. - Krtic S. The Man of God and his People. Cleveland 1961
Raymond, M. The Man for this Moment. The Life and Death of Aloysius Cardinal Stepinac. Nuova York 1971
Stepinac, A. Pisma iz suanjstva (Lettere dal carcere). Zagabria 1988
Stefan, Lj. Stepinac i Zidovi (Stepinac e gli ebrei) Zagabria 1988
Wallace, B. The Trial of Dr. Aloysius Stepinac, Archbishop of Zagreb, Londra 1947

P. Garde, Vie et mort de la Yugoslavie, Paris 1992
J. Pirjevec, Il giorno di San Vito. Jugoslavia 1918-1992. Storia di una tragedia, Torino 1993
I. Banac, The National Question in Yugoslavia. Origins, History, Politics, Ithaca-London 1984;
I. Banac, Sa Stalijnom protiv Tita, Zagreb, 1990
J. W. Borejsza, Il fascismo e l’Europa orientale: dalla propaganda all’aggressione, Bari 1981
A. Wilson. The Ukrainians. Unexpected nation, Yale 2000
I.Andric , Radanie fašizma, Beograd, Vreme knjige, 1995
I.Andric, Razvoj duhovnog u Bosni post uticajem turske vladanie, Beograd 1995
Sabrana dela Ive Andrica, Sarajevo 1976 (opera completa in 14 volumi)
J.Z. Bob, Ivo Andric u Berlinu 1939, Sarajevo 1989
M. Crnjanski o nacionalsocijalizmu, Beograd, Beletra, 1990
M.Crnjanski, Eseij i prikazi, Novi Sad 1991
M. Crnjanski, Nova Evropa, Beograd 1991
M. Crnjanski, Migrazioni I, Milano 1992
M. Crnjanski, Migrazioni II, Milano 1998
M. Crnjanski, Roman o Londunu, Beograd 1996
M. Djilas, Terra senza giustizia, Roma 1959
M. Djilas , Memoir of a Revolutionary, New York 1973
M. Djilas, Conversations with Stalin, Harmondworth 1973
M. Djilas, Tito, moi drug i moj vrag, Paris 1982
M. Djilas, Anatomy of a Moral, New York 1959
M. Djilas, La nuova classe : una analisi del sistema comunista, Bologna 1971
M. Djilas, Compagno Tito; una biografia critica, Milano 1981
A. Djilas, The Contested Country: Yugoslav Unity and Communist Revolution 1919-1953, Cambridge (Mass.) 1991.
Doncov, Dmytro. Pesymizm i predtechi samovystachaiuchoho natsionalizmu, N'iu Iork, 1990.
Doncov, Dmytro. Pidstavy nashoi polityky, OOChS, N'iu Iork, 1957.
Doncov, Dmytro. Pidstavy nashoi polityky, Viden', 1921.
Doncov, Dmytro (1883-1973). Poetka ukrains'koho Risordzhimenta: Lesia Ukrainka, L'viv, 1922.
Doncov, Dmytro. Poetka ukrains'koho Risordzhimenta: Lesia Ukrainka.
(Literaturno-Naukovyi Vistnyk, kn.6. Vidbytka)
Doncov, Dmytro. Poetka vohnennykh mezh, Toronto, 1953.
Doncov, Dmytro. Pokhid Karla KhII na Ukrainu.
Vyd-vo Soiuzu Ukraintsiv u V.Britanii (4 vydannia), London, 1955.

Doncov, Dmytro. Polityka printsipiial'na i oportunistychna,
L'viv, 1928.
Doncov, Dmytro. Pravda pradidiv velykykh.
Vyd-vo Holovnoi upravy Orhanizatsii oborony chotyr'okh svobid Ukrainy, Fyladelfiia, 1952.
Doncov, Dmytro. Pryklad chuzhyntsiv. Kvartal'nyk Vistnyka.ch.4.
Kvartal'nyk Vistnyka (Shelved under: Rusov, Iu. "Saliazar reformator Portugalii"), L'viv, 1938.
Doncov, Dmytro. Rik 1918, Kyiv: Zapysky. Biblioteka vydavnytstva "Homin Ukrainy", Toronto, 1954.
Doncov, Dmytro. Rosiia chy Evropa ta inshi esei.
V-vo Soiuzu Ukraintsiv u Velykii Britanii.

Doncov, Dmytro. Shkola a religiia: Referat vyholoshenyi na z'izdi Ukrains'koi Akademichnoi Molodizhy u L'vovi v lypni 1909 roku.
Nakladom Ukrains'koho, L'viv, 1910.

Doncov, Dmytro. Suchasne politychne polozhenie natsii i nashi zavdannia: referat vyholoshenyi naII vseukrains'kim students'kim Z'izdi v lypni 1913 roku u L'vovi.
Moloda Ukraina, L'viv, 1913.
DONTsOV, Dmytro. Tuha za heroichnym: Idei i postati literaturnoi Ukrain, London, 1953.
Doncov, Dmytro. Vid mistyky do polityky.
Spilka vyzvolennia Ukrainy, Toronto, 1957.
Doncov, Dmytro. Za iaku revoliutsiiu?. Politychna biblioteka Ligy vyzvolennia Ukrainy,Liga vyzvolennia Ukrainy Toronto, 1957.
Doncov, Dmytro (1883-1973). Za iakyi provid?: vidchyt vyholoshenyi na benketi v Prins Edvard hoteli u Vynsdori, Ontario v dni 29 travnia 1948 r.
Doncov, Dmytro (1883-). Zapovit Shevchenka: dopovid' vyholoshena naShevchenkivs'kii akademii v Toronto 9 bereznia 1950 r.
Spilka Ukrains'koi molodi, Kraiovyi Komitet, London 1951.
Keywords
INTELLIGENCIJA, DEMOCRACY, SOUTH-EAST, EUROPE, AUTHORITARIANISM, TOTALITARIANISM, FASCISM, COMMUNISM

Intelligencija versus democracy in South-Eastern Europe in the middle of XX century (1933-1953)

Università degli Studi Roma Tre
Abstract
The research will investigate the story of a well-defined geographical area: South-Eastern Europe in its ampler meaning, or the wide area between the Adriatic sea and the Black sea. The choice of the period to study makes reference to the way up to the power of Hitler and to Stalin’s death.
The first event marked the progressive glide in South-Eastern Europe toward the crisis of the democratic institutions and ideologies. The constitution of the German national-socialist regime was a conclusive factor to what happened in 1934 in that region. That was the so-called annus terribilis of democracies but since a long time some authoritarian regimes were already imposed in Poland, Hungary, Lithuania. By the end of 1933 in Romania Iron Guard killed the President of the Council Duca. In 1934 a coup d'état done by the military supporters of Zveno had suspended the Constitution in Bulgaria and unintentionally prepared the road to the personal power of Boris III in the following year. From that moment in South-Eastern Europe, the situation of parliamentary democracies went falling.
Stalin’s death in 1953 created the objective conditions to start a process of liberalization, even though limited and unsatisfactory, in the Soviet Union and in the European communist Countries. At first the new Soviet leaders just introduced some novelties in the economic policy and imposed to the satellites People’s Republics the respect of the so-called “collegial direction” to prevent >>>

Principal Investigator
Francesco Guida Università degli Studi ROMA TRE
Research Objectives
AIMS:
The proponents of this PRIN want to carry on a wide research about the intellectual class in a specific geographical area (South-eastern Europe) and in a peculiar condition: in front of the political phenomena that have been dominant in some decades of the XX century: the authoritarianism and the totalitarianism. To make deep and reliably the investigation, we want to study only a defined period of twenty years: 1933-1953 (see at the point 2.1 the reasons of such choice). The aim is a precise analysis about the peculiar cases of a congruous number of very representative intellectuals, sometime identifiable because they had other functions (politic, religious etc.). At the same time we want to analyze the societies and the political systems in which they worked verifying the hypothesis on the difficulties and the substantial incapability of those societies to absorb and to sustain the culture and the democratic institutions.

METHODOLOGY:
Methods and tools typical of the historical research will be used to achieve our purposes. The investigation in the archives that will be developed by the greater part of the members of the research team will take a central place. That is an investigation in the foreign archives and involves a precedent experience – which a large part of team members have - and specific linguistic knowledge (Serbo-Croatian, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian). Such activity will be developed in archives of various >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
The historical science has dealt - in an insufficient way – with the research themes of this Unity. Documentary publications still miss about different aspects and characters (regarding the matters object of scientific investigation in this project). Nevertheless more than a text (essay or monograph) has brought a quite important contribution suitable to the research of this Unity.
We stress particularly that:
- today it is possible to read a wide part of the documentation regarding the trial Patrascanu (but not coming from the PCR’s archives, whose archival files are still unpublished and they must be examined in Romania);
- it is possible to read the archival files about Rumanian Securitate’s activity;
- Filov’s diaries have been published;
- Bulgarian historiography has brought remarkable information about masonry in Bulgaria (therefore also on some links with the Zveno and the Military League)
- it is possible to read many Budak’s writings thanks to the publications by Jelcic and Nikolic;

Even if a large number of publications appeared about Stepinac [among others: M. Raymond, The Man for this Moment. The Life and Death of Aloysius Cardinal Stepinac, New York 1971, e V. Nikolic, Stepinac mu je ime - Zbornik uspomena, svjedocanstava i dokumentata (Stepinac and his name - Memories, witnesses and documents), 2 voll., Munchen/Barcelona, 1978-1980; A.H. O'Brien of Thomond, Archbishop Stepinac. The Man and his Case >>>