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Keywords
CONSUMPTION, POVERTY, IDENTITY, MATERIAL CULTURE, RECOGNITION, INCLUSION/EXCLUSION, EXCHANGE, GIFT, RECIPROCITY

Negotiating the necessities: choices of consumption and choices of saving

Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Abstract
The research is aimed at investigating the patterns of choices employed in the definition of consumer diets and consuming practices by some weak segments of the population. The innovative element in the project is represented by the effort to go beyond the common economism-driven stereotype, which wants people living under marginal economic, social and cultural conditions as excluded from the most typical contemporary consumption process, that is the opportunity for selecting their everyday goods and practices among a wide range of offers, mainly, but not solely, on the market; they wouldn’t therefore participate in the general process of negotiating and developing their social identity, which constitutes one of the most spread means of social inclusion and belonging expression. By contrast, the research assumes that people from all socio-economic backgrounds are engaged in the material and symbolic reproduction of their lives through their acquisition strategies, and in the continuous negotiation of needs, gift, solidarity, personal interests. The research is therefore aimed at identifying how people, in order to fulfil needs and desires and despite strong material, social and cultural constraints, adopt strategies which consist of exchanges within the formal market, as well as within informal and community networks, alternatively based on a reciprocity, gift and interest logic. The places where poor and needy people meet the responses provided by the community, in its >>>

Principal Investigator
Laura Bovone Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Research Objectives
Goals
The research is aimed at the attainment of innovative findings in the investigation of choosing patterns and consuming practices by some weak segments of the population. A clear purpose is that of going beyond the common economism-driven stereotype, which wants people living under marginal economic, social and cultural conditions as solely driven by the logic of basic needs and as excluded from the most typical contemporary consumption process, that is the opportunity for selecting their everyday goods and practices among a wide range of offers, mainly, but not solely, on the market; they wouldn’t therefore participate in the general process of negotiating and developing their social identity, which constitutes one of the most common ways to express social inclusion and exclusion.
By contrast, the research assumes that people from all socio-economic backgrounds are engaged in the material and symbolic reproduction of their lives through their acquisition strategies, and in the continuous negotiation of needs, gift, solidarity, personal interests. The research is therefore aimed at identifying how people pursue social inclusion and acknowledgement and negotiate their social identity through their consuming practices and despite strong material, social and cultural constraints.

Going into detail, the research projected is articulated in the following goals:

1. Comparing the interpretative and explanatory framework provided by >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
The research is aimed at identifying choosing patterns within the development of consumption diets and consuming practices by some weak segments of the population, starting from the places usually attended by needy people in order to pursue basic goods and services (public and private social services, hospitals etc.). The innovative element in the project is represented by the effort to go beyond the common economism-driven stereotype, which wants people living under marginal socio-economic conditions - insofar as they can count on a limited economic, as well as cultural, relational and also temporal budget – as driven by the logic of basic needs and as excluded from the most typical contemporary consumption process, that is the opportunity for selecting their everyday goods and practices among a wide range of offers, mainly, but not solely, on the market. They wouldn’t therefore participate in the general process of negotiating and developing their social identity, which constitutes great part of the mechanisms of social inclusion and exclusion.
This reductive approach neglects the complexity of human behaviour and the multiple exchange forms which cannot be reduced solely to market relations, insofar as they include the complex dimensions of gift and reciprocity (Caillé 1991; Cella 1997). By contrast, our research projects is grounded on the hypothesis that people from all socio-economic backgrounds are engaged in the material and symbolic reproduction of their >>>