Contenuto
Ti trovi in: HOME »Programmi, progetti e risultati »I progetti »PRIN - Programmi di ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale»Programma di ricercaINIZIO_TESTO_DA_INDICIZZARE
RESEARCH PROGRAM
italiano - inglese
Research Units
- Università degli Studi di TRENTO
SOCIOLOGIA E RICERCA SOCIALE
- Università degli Studi di BOLOGNA
DISCIPLINE DELLA COMUNICAZIONE
- Università degli Studi di BERGAMO
SCIENZE DEI LINGUAGGI, DELLA COMUNICAZIONE E DEGLI STUDI CULTURALI
- Università degli Studi di GENOVA
SCIENZE ANTROPOLOGICHE
- Università degli Studi del SALENTO
SCIENZA DEI SISTEMI SOCIALI E DELLA COMUNICAZIONE
Similar research programs:
- 1 - ONTOLOGIES, LEARNING OBJECTS AND COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICES: NEW EDUCATIONAL PARADIGMS FOR E-LEARNING
- 2 - Legislative process and policy arenas. Games, vetos and networks in the age of the Italian political alternation.
- 3 - The active human being as social capital. Research, intervention and formation for the development of individual and social competences
- 4 - Urban contexts, Migration Processes, Young Immigrants.
- 5 - Cultural differences and professional cooperation in Health Care settings. A clinical and social research.
- 6 - PROFESSIONS AND POWER IN EARLY MODERN AND MODERN ITALY
- 7 - Qualitative research: theories, methods and applications
- 8 - Representations of foreigners and their influence on interethnic relationships: cognitive bases, social dynamics, cultural differences.
- 9 - Psychological, pedagogical, and sociological models for learning and assessment in virtual communities of practices
- 10 - Inequality: hierarchy, injustice, plurality. With edition of texts
Scientific and education field classification
- Field: Scienze politiche e sociali
Geographical classification
- Region: Trentino Alto Adige
Bibliografia
Abbott, A. (1988) The system of professions: an essay on the division of expert labor. Chicago, Ill.; London: University of Chicago press.–– (2001) “Professions, Sociology of” in N.J. Smelser, P.B. Baltes (Eds), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 12166-12169.
Becker, H.S. (1960) “Notes on the Concept of Commitment”. American Journal of Sociology, 66: 32-40.
–– (1962) “The nature of a profession, in Henry, N. B. (ed.) Education for the professions, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 27-46.
–– (1982) Art Worlds. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Becker, H.S., B. Geer, E. Hughes, A. Strauss (1961) Boys in White. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bledstein, B. J. 1976. The Culture of Professionalism. New York: Norton.
Boltanski, L. (1982) Les Cadres. Paris: Éditions de Minuit.
Bourdieu P. (1977/2003), Il senso pratico, Roma: Armando.
–– (1992/2005) Le regole dell’arte. Milano: Il Saggiatore.
Bucher, R., A. Strauss (1961) “Professions in Process”. American Journal of Sociology 66(4): 325-334.
Bucher, R., J. Stelling (1969) “Characteristics of Professional Organizations”. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 10(1): 3-15.
Carr-Saunders A.P., P.A. Wilson (1933) The Professions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cogan, M.L. (1953) “Toward a Definition of Profession”. Harvard Educational Review, 21: 33-50.
Collin, J. (1997) “Genese d’une profession : les pharmaciens au Quebec au XIXe siècle”. Canadian Bulletin of Medical History / Bulletin canadien d’histoire de la médecine, 14(2): 41-262.
Corbin, J.M., A.L. Strauss (1993) “The Articulation of Work through Interaction”. The Sociological Quarterly, 34(1): 71-83.
Dal Lago, A. e R. de Biasi (2002) Un certo sguardo. Introduzione all’etnografia sociale. Roma-Bari: Laterza.
Derber, C. (1982) Professionals as Workers: Mental Labor in Advanced Capitalism. Boston: R. K. Hall.
Desrosières, A., L. Thévenot (1992) Les catégories socio-professionelles. La Découverte: Paris.
Di Luzio, G. (2004) “Trust in Professions”. European University Institute working paper SPS 2004/1.
Doane, R. (2006) “The habitus of dancing”. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 35 (1): 84-116.
Etzioni, A. (Ed.) (1969) The Semi-Professions and Their Organization: Teachers, Nurses, Social Workers. New York: Free Press.
Fele G. (2003) “Interaction and Collaborative Work in a Medical Emergency Center”. Dipartimento di Sociologia e ricerca sociale, Facoltà di sociologia, Università di Trento.
–– (2005) “The collaborative production of responses and dispatching on the radio”. Contributo ad American Sociological Association 100th Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Penns., 14 agosto 2005.
Fine, G.A. (2003) “Towards a peopled ethnography. Developing theory from group life”. Ethnography, 4(1): 41–60.
Freidson, E. (1986) Professional powers: a study of the institutionalization of formal knowledge. Chicago, Ill.; London: University of Chicago press.
Giglioli, P.P. (1978) Baroni e burocrati. Bologna: Il Mulino.
Gherardi, S. (2006) Organizational Knowledge: The Texture of Workplace Learning. Malden, Ma.; Oxford: Blackwell.
Goffman, E. (1961) Asylums. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
Goode, W.J. (1957) “Community within a Community: The Professions”. American Sociological Review, 22: 194-200.
Greenwood, E. (1957) “Attributes of a Profession”. Social Work, 2: 45-55.
Habenstein, R.W. (1963) “Critique of ‘Profession’ as a Sociological Category”. Sociological Review, 4.
Hammersley, M., P.A. Atkinson (1995) Ethnography: Principles in Practice. London: Routledge.
Haskell, T.L. (1984) The Authority of Experts. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Hodson, R. (2004) “A Meta-Analysis of Workplace Ethnographies. Race, Gender, and Employee Attitudes and Behaviors”. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 33(1): 4-38.
Hoschild, A. (1983) The Managed Heart. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Hughes, E.C. (1958) Men and their work. Glencoe, Ill.: Free press of Glencoe.
–– (1994) On Work, Race, and The Sociological Imagination. Chicago, Ill.; London: University of Chicago press.
Johnson, T.J. (1967) Professions and Power. London: Macmillan.
Illich, I. et Al. (1977) Disabling Professions. London: Marion Boyars.
Infanti, A. C. (2003) “Eyes Wide Shut: Surveying Erosion in the Professionalism of the Tax Bar”. Virginia Tax Review, 22:589-614.
Katz, Jack (2001) “From how to why. On luminous description and causal inference in Ethnography”. Ethnography, Pt. I 2(4): 443-473; Pt. II 3(1): 63-90.
Klegon, D. (1978) “The sociology of professions: an emerging perspective”. Sociology of Work and Occupations, 5(3): 259-283.
Krause E.A. (1994) Death of the Guilds. New Haven, Ct.: Yale University Press.
Kunda, G. (1992) Engineering Culture. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Larson, M.S. (1977) The Rise of Professionalism. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lave, J., E. Wenger (1991) Situated Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lieberman, J.K. (1970) The Tyranny of the Experts. New York: Walker&Co.
Lively, K.J. (2001) “Occupational Claims to Professionalism: the Case of Paralegals”. Symbolic Interaction, 24(3): 343-365.
Martin, B. (1998) “Professions”. In Id. Tied Knowledge: Power in Higher Education. Risorsa on-line http://www.uow.edu.au/arts/sts/bmartin/pubs/98tk/
Marzano, M. (2004) Scene finali. Morire di cancro in Italia. Bologna: Il Mulino.
–– (2006) Etnografia e ricerca sociale. Roma-Bari: Laterza.
McCammon, H.J., L.J. Griffin (2000) “Workers and Their Customers and Clients”. Work and Occupations, 27: 278-293.
Mills, C.W. (1951) White Collar. New York: Oxford University.
Moore, W.E. (1976) The Professions: Roles and Rules. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Morrill, C., G.A. Fine (1997) “Ethnographic Contributions to Organizational Sociology”. Sociological Methods and Research, 25(4):424-451.
Parsons T. (1954) “The Professions and Social Structure”. In Id. Essays in Sociological Theory. New York: The Free Press, 34-49.
Perkin H. (1989) The Rise of Professional Society. London: Routledge.
Roth, J.A. (1974) “Professionalism: The sociologist’s decoy”. Sociology of Work and Occupations, 1(1): 6-23.
Saks, M (1983) “Removing the blinkers? A critique of recent contributions to the sociology of professions”. The Sociological Review, 31(1): 1-21.
Santoro, M. (1998) Notai. Storia sociale di una professione in Italia. Il Mulino: Bologna.
Strauss, A. (1961) Professions, Work and Careers. San Francisco: Sociology Press.
Tope, D. et al. (2005) “The Benefits Of Being There. Evidence from the Literature on Work”. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 34(4): 470-493.
Tousijn, W. (1979) Sociologia delle professioni. Bologna :Il Mulino.
Trasforini, A. (1991) La professione di psicoanalista. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri.
Van Maanen, J., S.R. Barley (1984) “Occupational communities: Culture and Control in Organizations”. Research in Organizational Behavior, 6: 287-365.
Weber, F. (2001) “Settings, interactions and things. A plea for multi-integrative ethnography”. Ethnography, 2(4): 475-499.
Wenger, E. (1998) “Communities of practice. Learning as a Social System”. Systems Thinker, 9(5).
Wilensky, H. (1964) “The professionalization of everyone?”. American Journal of Sociology, 70: 137–58.
Witz, A. (1992) Profession and Patriarchy. London: Routledge.
Zappulli, L. (2001) “Les savoirs en action. La répartition géographique des auditeurs de justice à l'intérieur du dispositif de formation professionnelle”. Droit et Société, 48: 417-437.
Keywords
ETHNOGRAPHY, PROFESSIONS, OCCUPATIONAL COMMUNITIES, HABITUS, WORK, TRAININGSHIPProfessions and semi-professions. An ethnographic research on occupational communities
Università degli Studi di TrentoAbstract
The research project aims at an empirical sociological study of some occupational communities which are at different degrees of structuration and professionalization of their respective fields. The research adopts an ethnographic and comparative perspective. The chosen communities are those of magistrates, nurses, dancers, sommeliers and contractors.Whereas the magistrates show a classic powerful professional structure, characterized by a highly structured field, whose enter thresholds are regulated by a professional association, the nurses, despite their qualified training, appear to be ancillary vis-à-vis a stronger contiguous professional group, those of doctors. Dancers are an artistic profession where the paths to training and career appear to be fluid and less formalized than in the former two comunities. Sommeliers represent an instance of semi-profession whose prestige is circumscribed to a restricted universe, which makes the community rather weak and in search of recognition in respect to contiguous professions such as, on the one hand, oenologists, and, on the other hand, chefs. Contractors are a border case, inasmuch as they are – at least, for the time being – a hardly definable military profession both in sociological and legal terms, historically on the making.
The concept of occupational community addresses social groups endowed with distinctive identity and values. They are capable of elaborating, through their diverse internal >>>
Principal Investigator
Giolo Fele Università degli Studi di TRENTOResearch Objectives
The principal aim of the research programme will be to study certain ‘occupational communities’ (Van Maanen and Barley 1984) on a comparative basis and from an ethnographic perspective. The intention in particular is to analyse how certain occupational communities establish, organize maintain and sanction their professional boundaries. The project springs from collaboration among the five research units on a previous joint project on the communication and the ethnography of knowledge.The term ‘occupational community’ used in this research project denotes a social group endowed with an identity and distinctive values and able to develop, by means of various forms of internal interaction, a set of knowledges and abilities, both theoretical and practical, which contribute to the production and reproduction of the community itself. From this point of view, an occupational community exhibits a series of characteristics: the practical (sometimes technical) knowledge shared by its members, normative expectations of behaviour, certain attitudes towards its activity, forms of judgement, and the cultural objects shared by its members.
The project will start from the idea that the formation of a professional field – and consequently also of training schemes, and entry and exit by members – is an integral part of an epistemic community and a community of practices (Lave and Wenger 1991). Membership of an occupational communication enables actors to acquire specific >>>
Timescale
24 monthsNational and international background
The research project will draw on various currents of thought in the sociology of professions. A number of classic studies by American sociologists have established the main lines of inquiry in this discipline. Carr-Saunders and Wilson (1933) formulated a typological interpretation of professions based on identification of their professional traits. An occupation is defined a profession when it possesses a particular set of characteristics or traits (Cogan 1953; Greenwood 1957). In general, research on such professional traits has identified the following as distinctive of a profession: full-time employment within a biographically extensive period; commitment (see Becker 1960); identification with peers belonging to an autonomous organization; possession of esoteric knowledge (see Hughes 1994) acquired through specific training or instruction; motivation to furnish a service or a series of services.These early reflections on the concept of profession were summarized by Becker (1962) in these terms: a profession is a largely intellectual activity carrying considerable responsibility (see Derber 1982), performed on the basis of complex (not simply routine) knowledge, applied and not simply speculative, taught and learned in dedicated institutions, so that the inner organization of the profession promotes the ethical conviction among its members that they are working for the good of society (Cogan 1933). This view, which was also developed by structural-functional >>>
