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RESEARCH PROGRAM

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Research Units
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Scientific and education field classification
International Patent Classification
  • FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
      • HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING (ship-lifting E02C; dredging E02F)
    • LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
      • HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS ([N: foldable tables A47B3/00; hinged panels A47B5/00; foldable chairs A47C4/00; making hinges B21D53/40, B21K13/02; making holes for taking-up fittings B27F5/12; for vehicle tailboards B60P1/00D; for refuse receptacles B65F1/16E]; pivotal connections in general F16C11/00; mounting of stove or range doors F24C15/02B2; for folding flat displays of portable computers G06F1/16P2H]) [C9801]
  • PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
      • TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYERS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING; SHOP CONVEYER SYSTEMS; PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYERS ([N: preventing fire in special objects or places A62C3/00]; transport or storage devices used in a particular handling or treatment of articles or materials, see the relevant subclass, e.g. in metal-working B21D43/00, B23Q7/00, B23Q41/02; vehicle, railway, sea or aircraft aspects B60 to B64; in packaging B65B; handling thin or filamentary materials B65H; hoisting, lifting, hauling, e.g. truck loaders B66 [N: 35D]; handling liquids B67; [N: transport or storage containers for preparing or distributing road building materials E01C; construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in site or off the site E04H7/00]; specially adapted to underground conditions in mines E21F13/00; storing or distributing gases or liquids F17; in handling radioactive materials G21C19/00)
  • PHYSICS
    • MEASURING (counting G06M); TESTING
      • GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS (detecting or locating foreign bodies for diagnostic, surgical or person-identification purposes A61B; means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried persons A63B29/02; investigating or analysing earth materials by determining their chemical or physical properties G01N; measuring electric or magnetic variables in general, other than direction or magnitude of the earth\'s field G01R; electronic or nuclear magnetic resonance arrangements G01R33/20; radar, sonar or analogous methods in general, detecting masses or objects involving these methods G01S)
Geographical classification
Keywords
SARDINIA, SOUTHERN TUSCANY, CALABRIA-PELORITANI ARC, CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN, KINEMATIC EVOLUTION

Paleogeographic relationships between Tuscany, Corsica, Sardinia, Calabria and Eastern Sicily before the Alpine deformation. Kinematic evolution from the late Oligocene of the Central Mediterranean region between the Gulf of Lion and the Adriatic-Apulian-Ionian foreland.

Università di Pisa
Abstract
Around the end of the sixties and the beginning of the seventies, the results of several oceanographic cruises allowed the researchers of the Lamont Doherty Observatory – Columbia University to correlate and date the principal magnetic anomalies of the Central and Northern Atlantic Ocean and thus to obtain a reliable reconstruction of the spreading history of this ocean. Once the parameters of the relative Europe-America and Africa-America motion were known, it was possible to calculate the Africa-Europe relative motion and to obtain the plate interaction history starting from the middle Jurassic when Africa began to move away from America separated from Europe by a sinistral transform fault. In simple plate tectonics models with constant Earth diameter, the Mediterranean region in Alpine times was considered a kinematic system entirely dominated by the Atlantic system. In this approach predictive models were elaborated, derived from the Atlantic magnetic lineations, and these models were compared with the available regional geological reconstructions. The fit between computed and observed data was surprisingly good through the whole time interval spanning from the middle Jurassic and the middle/late Oligocene. Starting from this moment, on the contrary misfit dominated over most of the Central and Western Mediterranean region. The misfit regarded both the direction of the slip vectors, with deviations reaching 90°, and the magnitudes of the vectors with differences in the >>>

Principal Investigator
Paolo Scandone Università degli Studi di PISA
Research Objectives
Final goal of the Project is the elaboration of a kinematic model able to describe the geological evolution of the peri-Tyrrhenian region starting from the late Oligocene. The late Oligocene has been chosen as lower chronological boundary of the model because the geodynamic setting of the Central Mediterranean region in that time is quite swell defined, with an Europe-dipping subduction system in correspondence to the Corsica-Sardinia margin and an African-dipping subduction system in the Alps, with Tertiary Piedmont-Liguria Basin sitting on the transform fault zone accommodating the opposite sense of subduction, and finally with a calc-alkaline volcanism developed in Sardinia and an orogenic plutonism with associated minor volcanic manifestations in the Alps. In both systems, the Europe-dipping and Africa-dipping systems, existed conditions of neutral arc, with a plate-convergence velocity compensated by the velocity of flexure-hinge retreat in the lower plate and with the consequent forward time-space migration of the thrust belt-foredeep-foreland system. Starting from the late Oligocene, the increase in velocity of the flexure-hinge retreat of the Africa plate not compensated by the plate convergence rate brought to the opening of extensional basins floored by oceanic crust and thinned continental crust in the Western Mediterranean and Tyrrhenian areas. In the construction of the kinematic model proposed in this Project four principal parameters will be utilized:
>>>

First Results
The proposed Project has characteristics of basic research and has consequently a methodological significance rather than capabilities of applied research. The principal expected result consists of a significant improvement of the geological knowledge on the Central Mediterranean region by an integrated approach spanning from structural geology to stratigraphic geology and Paleontology, as far to geomatics.
The proposed research activities follow cascade flow scheme in which every short-time-planned product becomes an input element for a mid-term more complex product. The long-term principal product of the Project, the kinematic model of the peri-Tyrrhenian area, requires as input parameters the conclusions of all previous researches. The proposers are conscious that the project would fail in the case of breaking of a single ring of the chain. However, the consciousness of this risk makes more exciting the challenge by stimulating the maximum cooperation among the researchers in a schedule characterized by short even though realistic operation times.
Following the flow chart of the research activities, the expected products are represented by:
1. Maps of the basement in Corsica.-Sardinia and in the Calabria-Peloritani Arc shoving the principal characteristics of the pre-Alpine units;
2. Maps of the Mesozoic-Tertiary sedimentary covers in Eastern Sardinia and in the Calabria-Peloritani Arc and of the “Pseudoverrucano” Group in Southern Tuscany with >>>

Timescale
24 months
National and international background
Since the early seventies, internal tectonic units of the Calabrian Arc with oceanic and continental basement were interpreted as fragments of an Alpine tectonic edifice originally continuous from Eastern Corsica to Morocco, migrated during the Neogene tectonics. In particular, authors recognized a Europe-verging orogenic system, affected by Cretaceous Paleogene Alpine metamorphism, transported as a whole upon the Africa-verging Neogene Apennine chain. In this reconstruction, the Longobucco Unit (=Sila Unit), stacked at the base of the Alpine chain, was interpreted as an “Austroalpine” element transported at the front of the Alpine chain when the latter acquired an African vergence. The Stilo Unit, lying on top of the Alpine chain, was interpreted as European element thrust with Apennine vergence over the Alpine chain before the opening of the Tyrrhenian Basin. In more than thirty years, new analytic data have been collected and new ideas have been elaborated that have integrated and partly modified the former scheme. Regional correlations have also been proposed between units of the Calabria-Peloritani Arc (Sila and Longi-Taormina Units) and equivalent units of the Maghreb (Kabilian Complexes, Ghomaride Nappes and “Dorsale Calcaire”), Betic Cordillera (Malaguide Complex) and Northern Apennines (“Pseudoverrucano” Auctt.). In spite of the progresses, the state of the art in insufficient for reconstructing the per-Tyrrhenian puzzle and relocating in the original position >>>